1066 |
(January) Death of King Edward; Earl Harold becomes king |
(September) King Harold of England defeats and kills King Harold of Norway at Stamford Bridge |
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(October) Duke William of Normandy defeats and kills King Harold of England at Hastings |
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(December) William is consecrated king |
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1067–70 |
English rebellions |
1069–70 |
The harrying of the north |
1086 |
Domesday survey carried out |
1087 |
Death of William I; accession of William II Rufus |
1088 |
Rebellion in support of Robert Curthose |
1093 |
Anselm appointed archbishop of Canterbury |
1096 |
Robert pawns Normandy to Rufus |
1100 |
Death of William Rufus; accession of Henry I |
1101 |
Invasion of Robert Curthose |
1106 |
Battle of Tinchebray; Curthose imprisoned; Henry I takes Normandy |
1107 |
Settlement of Investiture Dispute in England |
1120 |
Wreck of the White Ship |
1128 |
Marriage of Empress Matilda to Geoffrey of Anjou |
1135 |
Death of Henry I; accession of Stephen |
1139–53 |
Civil war in England |
1141 |
Battle of Lincoln; Stephen captured; later exchanged for Robert of Gloucester |
1141–5 |
Geoffrey of Anjou conquers Normandy |
1149 |
Cession of Northumbria to David of Scotland |
1152 |
Henry of Anjou (later Henry II) marries Eleanor of Aquitaine |
1153 |
Henry invades England; he and Stephen come to terms |
1154 |
Death of Stephen; accession of Henry II |
1157 |
Henry regains Northumbria |
1162 |
Becket appointed archbishop of Canterbury |
1164 |
Council and Constitutions of Clarendon; Becket goes into exile |
1166 |
Assize of Clarendon |
1169–72 |
English conquest of Ireland begins |
1170 |
Coronation of the young king; murder of Becket |
1173–4 |
Rebellion against Henry II; William ‘the Lion’ (king of Scotland) invades the north |
1183 |
Death of the young king |
1189 |
Death of Henry II; accession of Richard I |
1190–2 |
Richard I on crusade |
1193–4 |
Richard in prison in Germany |
1193–1205 |
Hubert Walter, archbishop of Canterbury (justiciar 1194–8, chancellor 1199–1205) |
1197 |
Death of Rhys of Deheubarth |
1199 |
Death of Richard I; accession of John; establishment of Chancery Rolls |
1203–4 |
Philip Augustus conquers Anjou and Normandy |
1208–14 |
Interdict in England |
1214 |
Battle of Bouvines: French victory |
1215 |
Magna Carta; civil war in England; Louis (later Louis VIII) invades; death of John; accession of Henry III |
1217 |
Battles of Lincoln and Dover; Louis withdraws |
1221–4 |
Arrival of Dominican and Franciscan Friars in England |
1224 |
Louis VIII completes conquest of Poitou |
1232 |
Dismissal of Hubert de Burgh |
1240 |
Death of Llywelyn the Great |
1254 |
Henry III accepts papal offer of throne of Sicily |
1258 |
Barons take over royal government; Provisions of Oxford |
1259 |
Treaty of Paris between England and France |
1264 |
Battle of Lewes; Henry III captured; government of Simon de Montfort |
1265 |
Battle of Evesham; killing of Simon de Montfort |
1267 |
Henry recognizes Llywelyn ap Gruffydd as Prince of Wales |
1272 |
Death of Henry III; accession of Edward I |
1276–7 |
First Welsh War |
1282–3 |
Edward’s conquest of Wales |
1286–9 |
Edward I in Gascony |
1291 |
Edward I asserts his overlordship over Scotland |
1294 |
War with France begins |
1295 |
Franco-Scottish alliance |
1296 |
Edward I invades Scotland; his conflict with the Church |
1297 |
Edward I’s conflict with his magnates; his expedition to Flanders |
1306 |
Rebellion of Robert Bruce |
1307 |
Death of Edward I; accession of Edward II |
1314 |
Scottish victory at Bannockburn |
1315–16 |
Great famine |
1321–2 |
Civil war in England |
1327 |
Deposition and death of Edward II; accession of Edward III |
1330 |
Edward III takes the reins of government |
1337 |
The Hundred Years War begins |
1339–41 |
Political crisis in England |
1346 |
English victories at Crécy and Neville’s Cross |
1347 |
English capture Calais |
1348 |
First occurrence of plague in England |
1356 |
English victory at Poitiers |
1361 |
Second major occurrence of plague |
1376 |
‘Good Parliament’ meets; death of Edward, the Black Prince |
1377 |
Death of Edward III; accession of Richard II |
1381 |
The Peasants’ Revolt |
1382 |
Condemnation of John Wycliffe’s works |
1388 |
‘Merciless Parliament’ meets; battle of Otterburn against the Scots |
1389 |
Richard II declares himself of age |
1394–5 |
Richard II’s first expedition to Ireland |
1396 |
Anglo-French treaty |
1397–9 |
Richard II’s ‘tyranny’ |
1399 |
Deposition of Richard II; accession of Henry IV |
1400 |
Rebellion of Owain Glynd |
1403 |
Henry Hotspur defeated at Shrewsbury |
1405 |
Execution of Archbishop Scrope of York |
1408 |
Defeat of the earl of Northumberland at Bramham Moor |
1413 |
Death of Henry IV; accession of Henry V |
1415 |
English victory at Agincourt |
1419–20 |
English conquest of Normandy |
1420 |
Anglo-French treaty of Troyes |
1422 |
Death of Henry V; accession of Henry VI |
1435 |
Death of John, duke of Bedford; Franco-Burgundian treaty of Arras |
1436–7 |
Henry VI comes of age |
1445 |
Henry VI marries Margaret of Anjou |
1449–50 |
French overrun Normandy |
1450 |
Murder of the duke of Suffolk; John Cade’s rebellion |
1453 |
French overrun Gascony; Henry VI becomes ill |
1455 |
Battle of St Albans between Richard, duke of York and the royalist forces |
1459 |
Defeat of the duke of York at Blore Heath and Ludford Bridge |
1461 |
Deposition of Henry VI; accession of Edward IV |
1465 |
Capture of Henry VI |
1469 |
Rebellion of Richard, earl of Warwick and George, duke of Clarence |
1470 |
Deposition of Edward IV; return of Henry VI |
1471 |
Return of Edward IV; death of the earl of Warwick at Barnet; death of Henry VI |
1475 |
Edward IV’s expedition to France; Anglo-French treaty of Picquigny |
1477 |
William Caxton’s first printed book in England |
1483 |
Death of Edward IV; accession, deposition, and death of Edward V; accession of Richard III; rebellion of Henry, duke of Buckingham |
1485 |
Death of Richard III at Bosworth; accession of Henry VII |