Give Me Liberty!: An American History
Offers students a consistent approach, a single narrative voice, and a coherent perspective throughout the text. Threaded through the chronological narrative is the theme of freedom in American history and the significant conflicts over its changing meanings, its limits, and its accessibility to various social and economic groups throughout American history.
Preface
Part 1: American Colonies to 1763
Chapter 1. A NEW WORLD
THE FIRST AMERICANS
The Settling of the Americas
Indian Societies of the Americas
Mound Builders of the Mississippi River Valley
Western Indians
Indians of Eastern North America
Native American Religion
Land and Property
Gender Relations
European Views of the Indians
INDIAN FREEDOM, EUROPEAN FREEDOM
Indian Freedom
Christian Liberty
Freedom and Authority
Liberty and Liberties
THE EXPANSION OF EUROPE
Chinese and Portuguese Navigation
Portugal and West Africa
Freedom and Slavery in Africa
The Voyages of Columbus
CONTACT
Columbus in the New World
Exploration and Conquest
The Demographic Disaster
THE SPANISH EMPIRE
Governing Spanish America
Colonists in Spanish America
Colonists and Indians
Justifications for Conquest
Spreading the Faith
Piety and Profit
Las Casas’s Complaint
Reforming the Empire
Exploring North America
Spanish Florida
Spain in the Southwest
The Pueblo Revolt
THE FRENCH AND DUTCH EMPIRES
French Colonization
New France and the Indians
The Dutch Empire
Dutch Freedom
Freedom in New Netherland
Settling New Netherland
New Netherland and the Indians
Chapter 2. BEGINNINGS OF ENGLISH AMERICA, 1607–1660
ENGLAND AND THE NEW WORLD
Unifying the English Nation
England and Ireland
England and North America
Spreading Protestantism
Motives for Colonization
The Social Crisis
Masterless Men
THE COMING OF THE ENGLISH
English Emigrants
Indentured Servants
Land and Liberty
Englishmen and Indians
The Transformation of Indian Life
Changes in the Land
SETTLING THE CHESAPEAKE
The Jamestown Colony
From Company to Society
Powhatan and Pocahontas
The Uprising of 1622
A Tobacco Colony
Women and the Family
The Maryland Experiment
Religion in Maryland
THE NEW ENGLAND WAY
The Rise of Puritanism
Moral Liberty
The Pilgrims at Plymouth
The Great Migration
The Puritan Family
Government and Society in Massachusetts
Puritan Liberties
NEW ENGLANDERS DIVIDED
Roger Williams
Rhode Island and Connecticut
The Trials of Anne Hutchinson
Puritans and Indians
The Pequot War
The New England Economy
The Merchant Elite
The Half-Way Covenant
RELIGION, POLITICS, AND FREEDOM
The Rights of Englishmen
The English Civil War
England’s Debate over Freedom
English Liberty
The Civil War and English America
The Crisis in Maryland
Cromwell and the Empire
Chapter 3. CREATING ANGLO-AMERICA, 1660–1750
GLOBAL COMPETITION AND THE EXPANSION OF ENGLAND’S EMPIRE
The Mercantilist System
The Conquest of New Netherland
New York and the Rights of Englishmen and Englishwomen
New York and the Indians
The Charter of Liberties
The Founding of Carolina
The Holy Experiment
Quaker Liberty
Land in Pennsylvania
ORIGINS OF AMERICAN SLAVERY
Englishmen and Africans
Slavery in History
Slavery in the West Indies
Slavery and the Law
The Rise of Chesapeake Slavery
Bacon’s Rebellion: Land and Labor in Virginia
The End of the Rebellion, and Its Consequences
A Slave Society
Notions of Freedom
COLONIES IN CRISIS
The Glorious Revolution
The Glorious Revolution in America
The Maryland Uprising
Leisler’s Rebellion
Changes in New England
The Prosecution of Witches
The Salem Witch Trials
THE GROWTH OF COLONIAL AMERICA
A Diverse Population
Attracting Settlers
The German Migration
Religious Diversity
Indian Life in Transition
Regional Diversity
The Consumer Revolution
Colonial Cities
Colonial Artisans
An Atlantic World
SOCIAL CLASSES IN THE COLONIES
The Colonial Elite
Anglicization
The South Carolina Aristocracy
Poverty in the Colonies
The Middle Ranks
Women and the Household Economy
North America at Mid-Century
Chapter 4. SLAVERY, FREEDOM, AND THE STRUGGLE FOR EMPIRE TO 1763
SLAVERY AND EMPIRE
Atlantic Trade
Africa and the Slave Trade
The Middle Passage
Chesapeake Slavery
Freedom and Slavery in the Chesapeake
Indian Slavery in Early Carolina
The Rice Kingdom
The Georgia Experiment
Slavery in the North
SLAVE CULTURES AND SLAVE RESISTANCE
Becoming African-American
African-American Cultures
Resistance to Slavery
The Crisis of 1739–1741
AN EMPIRE OF FREEDOM
British Patriotism
The British Constitution
The Language of Liberty
Republican Liberty
Liberal Freedom
THE PUBLIC SPHERE
The Right to Vote
Political Cultures
Colonial Government
The Rise of the Assemblies
Politics in Public
The Colonial Press
Freedom of Expression and Its Limits
The Trial of Zenger
The American Enlightenment
THE GREAT AWAKENING
Religious Revivals
The Preaching of Whitefield
The Awakening’s Impact
IMPERIAL RIVALRIES
Spanish North America
The Spanish in California
The French Empire
BATTLE FOR THE CONTINENT
The Middle Ground
The Seven Years’ War
A World Transformed
Pontiac’s Rebellion
The Proclamation Line
Pennsylvania and the Indians
Colonial Identities
Part 2: A New Nation, 1763–1840
Chapter 5. THE AMERICAN REVOLUTION, 1763–1783
THE CRISIS BEGINS
Consolidating the Empire
Taxing the Colonies
The Stamp Act Crisis
Taxation and Representation
Liberty and Resistance
Politics in the Streets
The Regulators
The Tenant Uprising
THE ROAD TO REVOLUTION
The Townshend Crisis
Homespun Virtue
The Boston Massacre
Wilkes and Liberty
The Tea Act
The Intolerable Acts
THE COMING OF INDEPENDENCE
The Continental Congress
The Continental Association
The Sweets of Liberty
The Outbreak of War
Independence?
Common Sense
Paine’s Impact
The Declaration of Independence
The Declaration and American Freedom
An Asylum for Mankind
The Global Declaration of Independence
SECURING INDEPENDENCE
The Balance of Power
Blacks in the Revolution
The First Years of the War
The Battle of Saratoga
The War in the South
Victory at Last
Chapter 6. THE REVOLUTION WITHIN
DEMOCRATIZING FREEDOM
The Dream of Equality
Expanding the Political Nation
The Revolution in Pennsylvania
The New Constitutions
The Right to Vote
Democratizing Government
TOWARD RELIGIOUS TOLERATION
Catholic Americans
The Founders and Religion
Separating Church and State
Jefferson and Religious Liberty
The Revolution and the Churches
A Virtuous Citizenry
DEFINING ECONOMIC FREEDOM
Toward Free Labor
The Soul of a Republic
The Politics of Inflation
The Debate over Free Trade
THE LIMITS OF LIBERTY
Colonial Loyalists
The Loyalists’ Plight
The Indians’ Revolution
White Freedom, Indian Freedom
SLAVERY AND THE REVOLUTION
The Language of Slavery and Freedom
Obstacles to Abolition
The Cause of General Liberty
Petitions for Freedom
British Emancipators
Voluntary Emancipations
Abolition in the North
Free Black Communities
DAUGHTERS OF LIBERTY
Revolutionary Women
Gender and Politics
Republican Motherhood
The Arduous Struggle for Liberty
Chapter 7. FOUNDING A NATION, 1783–1789
AMERICA UNDER THE CONFEDERATION
The Articles of Confederation
Congress and the West
Settlers and the West
The Land Ordinances
The Confederation’s Weaknesses
Shays’s Rebellion
Nationalists of the 1780s
A NEW CONSTITUTION
The Structure of Government
The Limits of Democracy
The Division and Separation of Powers
The Debate over Slavery
Slavery in the Constitution
The Final Document
THE RATIFICATION DEBATE AND THE ORIGIN OF THE BILL OF RIGHTS
The Federalist
“Extend the Sphere”
The Anti-Federalists
The Bill of Rights
“WE THE PEOPLE”
National Identity
Indians in the New Nation
Blacks and the Republic
Jefferson, Slavery, and Race
Principles of Freedom
Chapter 8. SECURING THE REPUBLIC, 1790–1815
POLITICS IN AN AGE OF PASSION
Hamilton’s Program
The Emergence of Opposition
The Jefferson-Hamilton Bargain
The Impact of the French Revolution
Political Parties
The Whiskey Rebellion
The Republican Party
An Expanding Public Sphere
The Democratic-Republican Societies
The Rights of Women
Women and the Republic
THE ADAMS PRESIDENCY
The Election of 1796
The “Reign of Witches”
The Virginia and Kentucky Resolutions
The “Revolution of 1800”
Slavery and Politics
The Haitian Revolution
Gabriel’s Rebellion
JEFFERSON IN POWER
Judicial Review
The Louisiana Purchase
Lewis and Clark
Incorporating Louisiana
The Barbary Wars
The Embargo
Madison and Pressure for War
THE “SECOND WAR OF INDEPENDENCE”
The Indian Response
Tecumseh’s Vision
The War of 1812
The War’s Aftermath
The End of the Federalist Party
Chapter 9. THE MARKET REVOLUTION, 1800–1840
A NEW ECONOMY
Roads and Steamboats
The Erie Canal
Railroads and the Telegraph
The Rise of the West
The Cotton Kingdom
The Unfree Westward Movement
MARKET SOCIETY
Commercial Farmers
The Growth of Cities
The Factory System
The Industrial Worker
The “Mill Girls”
The Growth of Immigration
Irish and German Newcomers
The Rise of Nativism
The Transformation of Law
THE FREE INDIVIDUAL
The West and Freedom
The Transcendentalists
Individualism
The Second Great Awakening
The Awakening’s Impact
THE LIMITS OF PROSPERITY
Liberty and Prosperity
Race and Opportunity
The Cult of Domesticity
Women and Work
The Early Labor Movement
The “Liberty of Living”
Chapter 10. DEMOCRACY IN AMERICA, 1815–1840
THE TRIUMPH OF DEMOCRACY
Property and Democracy
The Dorr War
Tocqueville on Democracy
The Information Revolution
The Limits of Democracy
A Racial Democracy
Race and Class
NATIONALISM AND ITS DISCONTENTS
The American System
Banks and Money
The Panic of 1819
The Politics of the Panic
The Missouri Controversy
The Slavery Question
NATION, SECTION, AND PARTY
The United States and the Latin American Wars of Independence
The Monroe Doctrine
The Election of 1824
The Nationalism of John Quincy Adams
“Liberty Is Power”
Martin Van Buren and the Democratic Party
The Election of 1828
THE AGE OF JACKSON
The Party System
Democrats and Whigs
Public and Private Freedom
Politics and Morality
South Carolina and Nullification
Calhoun’s Political Theory
The Nullification Crisis
Indian Removal
The Supreme Court and the Indians
THE BANK WAR AND AFTER
Biddle’s Bank
The Pet Banks and the Economy
The Panic of 1837
Van Buren in Office
The Election of 1840
His Accidency
Part 3: Slavery, Freedom, and the Crisis of the Union, 1840–1877
Chapter 11. THE PECULIAR INSTITUTION
THE OLD SOUTH
Cotton Is King
The Second Middle Passage
Slavery and the Nation
The Southern Economy
Plain Folk of the Old South
The Planter Class
The Paternalist Ethos
The Code of Honor
The Proslavery Argument
Abolition in the Americas
Slavery and Liberty
Slavery and Civilization
LIFE UNDER SLAVERY
Slaves and the Law
Conditions of Slave Life
Free Blacks in the Old South
The Upper and Lower South
Slave Labor
Gang Labor and Task Labor
Slavery in the Cities
Maintaining Order
SLAVE CULTURE
The Slave Family
The Threat of Sale
Gender Roles among Slaves
Slave Religion
The Gospel of Freedom
The Desire for Liberty
RESISTANCE TO SLAVERY
Forms of Resistance
Fugitive Slaves
The Amistad
Slave Revolts
Nat Turner’s Rebellion
Chapter 12. AN AGE OF REFORM, 1820–1840
THE REFORM IMPULSE
Utopian Communities
The Shakers
The Mormons’ Trek
Oneida
Worldly Communities
The Owenites
Religion and Reform
The Temperance Movement
Critics of Reform
Reformers and Freedom
The Invention of the Asylum
The Common School
THE CRUSADE AGAINST SLAVERY
Colonization
Blacks and Colonization
Militant Abolitionism
The Emergence of Garrison
Spreading the Abolitionist Message
Slavery and Moral Suasion
Abolitionists and the Idea of Freedom
A New Vision of America
BLACK AND WHITE ABOLITIONISM
Black Abolitionists
Abolitionism and Race
Slavery and American Freedom
Gentlemen of Property and Standing
Slavery and Civil Liberties
THE ORIGINS OF FEMINISM
The Rise of the Public Woman
Women and Free Speech
Women’s Rights
Feminism and Freedom
Women and Work
The Slavery of Sex
“Social Freedom”
The Abolitionist Schism
Chapter 13. A HOUSE DIVIDED, 1840–1861
FRUITS OF MANIFEST DESTINY
Continental Expansion
The Mexican Frontier: New Mexico and California
The Texas Revolt
The Election of 1844
The Road to War
The War and Its Critics
Combat in Mexico
Race and Manifest Destiny
Redefining Race
Gold-Rush California
California and the Boundaries of Freedom
The Other Gold Rush
Opening Japan
A DOSE OF ARSENIC
The Wilmot Proviso
The Free Soil Appeal
Crisis and Compromise
The Great Debate
The Fugitive Slave Issue
Douglas and Popular Sovereignty
The Kansas-Nebraska Act
THE RISE OF THE REPUBLICAN PARTY
The Northern Economy
The Rise and Fall of the Know-Nothings
The Free Labor Ideology
Bleeding Kansas and the Election of 1856
THE EMERGENCE OF LINCOLN
The Dred Scott Decision
The Decision’s Aftermath
Lincoln and Slavery
The Lincoln-Douglas Campaign
John Brown at Harpers Ferry
The Rise of Southern Nationalism
The Democratic Split
The Nomination of Lincoln
The Election of 1860
THE IMPENDING CRISIS
The Secession Movement
The Secession Crisis
And the War Came
Chapter 14. A NEW BIRTH OF FREEDOM: THE CIVIL WAR, 1861–1865
THE FIRST MODERN WAR
The Two Combatants
The Technology of War
The Public and the War
Mobilizing Resources
Military Strategies
The War Begins
The War in the East, 1862
The War in the West
THE COMING OF EMANCIPATION
Slavery and the War
The Unraveling of Slavery
Steps toward Emancipation
Lincoln’s Decision
The Emancipation Proclamation
Enlisting Black Trops
The Black Soldier
THE SECOND AMERICAN REVOLUTION
Liberty and Union
Lincoln’s Vision
From Union to Nation
The War and American Religion
Liberty in Wartime
The North’s Transformation
Government and the Economy
Building the Transcontinental Railroad
The War and Native Americans
A New Financial System
Women and the War
The Divided North
THE CONFEDERATE NATION
Leadership and Government
The Inner Civil War
Economic Problems
Southern Unionists
Women and the Confederacy
Black Soldiers for the Confederacy
TURNING POINTS
Gettysburg and Vicksburg
1864
REHEARSALS FOR RECONSTRUCTION AND THE END OF THE WAR
The Sea Island Experiment
Wartime Reconstruction in the West
The Politics of Wartime Reconstruction
Victory at Last
The War and the World
The War in American History
Chapter 15. “WHAT IS FREEDOM?”: RECONSTRUCTION, 1865–1877
THE MEANING OF FREEDOM
Blacks and the Meaning of Freedom
Families in Freedom
Church and School
Political Freedom
Land, Labor, and Freedom
Masters without Slaves
The Free Labor Vision
The Freedmen’s Bureau
The Failure of Land Reform
Toward a New South
The White Farmer
The Urban South
Aftermaths of Slavery
THE MAKING OF RADICAL RECONSTRUCTION
Andrew Johnson
The Failure of Presidential Reconstruction
The Black Codes
The Radical Republicans
The Origins of Civil Rights
The Fourteenth Amendment
The Reconstruction Act
Impeachment and the Election of Grant
The Fifteenth Amendment
The “Great Constitutional Revolution”
Boundaries of Freedom
The Rights of Women
Feminists and Radicals
RADICAL RECONSTRUCTION IN THE SOUTH
“The Tocsin of Freedom”
The Black Officeholder
Carpetbaggers and Scalawags
Southern Republicans in Power
The Quest for Prosperity
THE OVERTHROW OF RECONSTRUCTION
Reconstruction’s Opponents
“A Reign of Terror”
The Liberal Republicans
The North’s Retreat
The Triumph of the Redeemers
The Disputed Election and Bargain of 1877
The End of Reconstruction
Part 4: Toward a Global Presence, 1870–1920
Chapter 16. AMERICA’S GILDED AGE, 1870–1890
THE SECOND INDUSTRIAL REVOLUTION
The Industrial Economy
Railroads and the National Market
The Spirit of Innovation
Competition and Consolidation
The Rise of Andrew Carnegie
The Triumph of John D. Rockefeller
Workers’ Freedom in an Industrial Age
Sunshine and Shadow: Increasing Wealth and Poverty
THE TRANSFORMATION OF THE WEST
A Diverse Region
Farming on the Middle Border
Bonanza Farms
Large-Scale Agriculture in California
The Cowboy and the Corporate West
The Subjugation of the Plains Indians
“Let Me Be a Free Man”
Remaking Indian Life
The Dawes Act
Indian Citizenship
The Ghost Dance and Wounded Knee
Settler Societies and Global Wests
POLITICS IN A GILDED AGE
The Corruption of Politics
The Politics of Dead Center
Government and the Economy
Reform Legislation
Political Conflict in the States
FREEDOM IN THE GILDED AGE
The Social Problem
Freedom, Inequality, and Democracy
Social Darwinism in America
Liberty of Contract
The Courts and Freedom
LABOR AND THE REPUBLIC
“The Overwhelming Labor Question”
The Knights of Labor and the “Conditions Essential to Liberty”
Middle-Class Reformers
Progress and Poverty
The Cooperative Commonwealth
Bellamy’s Utopia
A Social Gospel
The Haymarket Affair
Labor and Politics
Chapter 17. FREEDOM’S BOUNDARIES, AT HOME AND ABROAD, 1890–1900
THE POPULIST CHALLENGE
The Farmers’ Revolt
The People’s Party
The Populist Platform
The Populist Coalition
The Government and Labor
Debs and the Pullman Strike
Population and Labor
Bryan and Free Silver
The Campaign of 1896
THE SEGREGATED SOUTH
The Redeemers in Power
The Failure of the New South Dream
Black Life in the South
The Kansas Exodus
The Decline of Black Politics
The Elimination of Black Voting
The Law of Segregation
Segregation and White Domination
The Rise of Lynching
The Politics of Memory
REDRAWING THE BOUNDARIES
The New Immigration and the New Nativism
Chinese Exclusion and Chinese Rights
The Emergence of Booker T. Washington
The Rise of the AFL
The Women’s Era
BECOMING A WORLD POWER
The New Imperialism
American Expansionism
The Lure of Empire
The “Splendid Little War”
Roosevelt at San Juan Hill
An American Empire
The Philippine War
Citizens or Subjects?
Drawing the Global Color Line
“Republic or Empire?”
Chapter 18. THE PROGRESSIVE ERA, 1900–1916
AN URBAN AGE AND A CONSUMER SOCIETY
Farms and Cities
The Muckrakers
Immigration as a Global Process
The Immigrant Quest for Freedom
Consumer Freedom
The Working Woman
The Rise of Fordism
The Promise of Abundance
An American Standard of Living
VARIETIES OF PROGRESSIVISM
Industrial Freedom
The Socialist Presence
The Gospel of Debs
AFL and IWW
The New Immigrants on Strike
Labor and Civil Liberties
The New Feminism
The Rise of Personal Freedom
The Birth-Control Movement
Native-American Progressivism
THE POLITICS OF PROGRESSIVISM
Effective Freedom
State and Local Reforms
Progressive Democracy
Government by Expert
Jane Addams and Hull House
“Spearheads for Reform”
The Campaign for Women’s Suffrage
Maternalist Reform
The Idea of Economic Citizenship
THE PROGRESSIVE PRESIDENTS
Theodore Roosevelt
Roosevelt and Economic Regulation
The Conservation Movement
Taft in Office
The Election of 1912
New Freedom and New Nationalism
Wilson’s First Term
The Expanding Role of Government
Chapter 19. SAFE FOR DEMOCRACY: THE UNITED STATES AND WORLD WAR I, 1916–1920
AN ERA OF INTERVENTION
“I Took the Canal Zone”
The Roosevelt Corollary
Moral Imperialism
Wilson and Mexico
AMERICA AND THE GREAT WAR
Neutrality and Preparedness
The Road to War
The Fourteen Points
THE WAR AT HOME
The Progressives’ War
The Wartime State
The Propaganda War
“The Great Cause of Freedom”
The Coming of Woman Suffrage
Prohibition
Liberty in Wartime
The Espionage Act
Coercive Patriotism
WHO IS AN AMERICAN?
The “Race Problem”
Americanization and Pluralism
The Anti-German Crusade
Toward Immigration Restriction
Groups Apart: Mexicans, Puerto Ricans, and Asian-Americans
The Color Line
Roosevelt, Wilson, and Race
W. E. B. Du Bois and the Revival of Black Protest
Closing Ranks
The Great Migration and the “Promised Land”
Racial Violence, North and South
The Rise of Garveyism
1919
A Worldwide Upsurge
Upheaval in America
The Great Steel Strike
The Red Scare
Wilson at Versailles
The Wilsonian Moment
The Seeds of Wars to Come
The Treaty Debate
Part 5: Depression and Wars, 1920–1953
Chapter 20. FROM BUSINESS CULTURE TO GREAT DEPRESSION: THE TWENTIES, 1920–1932
THE BUSINESS OF AMERICA
A Decade of Prosperity
A New Society
The Limit of Prosperity
The Farmers’ Plight
The Image of Business
The Decline of Labor
The Equal Rights Amendment
Women’s Freedom
BUSINESS AND GOVERNMENT
The Retreat from Progressivism
The Republican Era
Corruption in Government
The Election of 1924
Economic Diplomacy
THE BIRTH OF CIVIL LIBERTIES
The “Free Mob”
A “Clear and Present Danger”
The Court and Civil Liberties
THE CULTURE WARS
The Fundamentalist Revolt
The Scopes Trial
The Second Klan
Closing the Golden Door
Race and the Law
Pluralism and Liberty
Promoting Tolerance
The Emergence of Harlem
The Harlem Renaissance
THE GREAT DEPRESSION
The Election of 1928
The Coming of the Depression
Americans and the Depression
Resignation and Protest
Hoover’s Response
The Worsening Economic Outlook
Freedom in the Modern World
Chapter 21. THE NEW DEAL, 1932–1940
THE FIRST NEW DEAL
FDR and the Election of 1932
The Coming of the New Deal
The Banking Crisis
The NRA
Government Jobs
Public-Works Projects
The New Deal and Agriculture
The New Deal and Housing
The Court and the New Deal
THE GRASSROOTS REVOLT
Labor’s Great Upheaval
The Rise of the CIO
Labor and Politics
Voices of Protest
THE SECOND NEW DEAL
The WPA and the Wagner Act
The American Welfare State
The Social Security System
A RECKONING WITH LIBERTY
FDR and the Idea of Freedom
The Election of 1936
The Court Fight
The End of the Second New Deal
THE LIMITS OF CHANGE
The New Deal and American Women
The Southern Veto
The Stigma of Welfare
The Indian New Deal
The New Deal and Mexican-Americans
Last Hired, First Fired
A New Deal for Blacks
Federal Discrimination
A NEW CONCEPTION OF AMERICA
The Heyday of American Communism
Redefining the People
Promoting Diversity
Challenging the Color Line
Labor and Civil Liberties
The End of the New Deal
The New Deal in American History
Chapter 22. FIGHTING FOR THE FOUR FREEDOMS: WORLD WAR II, 1941–1945
FIGHTING WORLD WAR II
Good Neighbors
The Road to War
Isolationism
War in Europe
Toward Intervention
Pearl Harbor
The War in the Pacific
The War in Europe
THE HOME FRONT
Mobilizing for War
Business and the War
Labor in Wartime
Fighting for the Four Freedoms
Freedom from Want
The Office of War Information
The Fifth Freedom
Women at War
Women at Work
VISIONS OF POSTWAR FREEDOM
Toward an American Century
“The Way of Life of Free Men”
An Economic Bill of Rights
The Road to Serfdom
THE AMERICAN DILEMMA
Patriotic Assimilation
The Bracero Program
Mexican-American Rights
Indians during the War
Asian-Americans in Wartime
Japanese-American Internment
Blacks and the War
Blacks and Military Service
Birth of the Civil Rights Movement
The Double-V
What the Negro Wants
An American Dilemma
Black Internationalism
THE END OF THE WAR
“The Most Terrible Weapon”
The Dawn of the Atomic Age
The Nature of the War
Planning the Postwar World
Yalta and Bretton Woods
The United Nations
Peace, but Not Harmony
Chapter 23. THE UNITED STATES AND THE COLD WAR, 1945–1953
ORIGINS OF THE COLD WAR
The Two Powers
The Roots of Containment
The Iron Curtain
The Truman Doctrine
The Marshall Plan
The Reconstruction of Japan
The Berlin Blockade and NATO
The Growing Communist Challenge
The Korean War
Cold War Critics
Imperialism and Decolonization
THE COLD WAR AND THE IDEA OF FREEDOM
The Cultural Cold War
Freedom and Totalitarianism
The Rise of Human Rights
Ambiguities of Human Rights
THE TRUMAN PRESIDENCY
The Fair Deal
The Postwar Strike Wave
The Republican Resurgence
Postwar Civil Rights
To Secure These Rights
The Dixiecrat and Wallace Revolts
The 1948 Campaign
THE ANTICOMMUNIST CRUSADE
Loyalty and Disloyalty
The Spy Trials
McCarthy and McCarthyism
An Atmosphere of Fear
The Uses of Anticommunism
Anticommunist Politics
The Cold War and Organized Labor
Cold War Civil Rights
Part 6: What Kind of Nation? 1953–2010
Chapter 24. AN AFFLUENT SOCIETY, 1953–1960
THE GOLDEN AGE
A Changing Economy
A Suburban Nation
The Growth of the West
A Consumer Culture
The TV World
A New Ford
Women at Work and at Home
A Segregated Landscape
Public Housing and Urban Renewal
The Divided Society
The End of Ideology
Selling Free Enterprise
People’s Capitalism
The Libertarian Conservatives
The New Conservatism
THE EISENHOWER ERA
Ike and Nixon
The 1952 Campaign
Modern Republicans
The Social Contract
Massive Retaliation
Ike and the Russians
The Emergence of the Third World
The Cold War in the Third World
Origins of the Vietnam War
Mass Society and Its Critics
Rebels without a Cause
The Beats
THE FREEDOM MOVEMENT
Origins of the Movement
The Legal Assault on Segregation
The Brown Case
The Montgomery Bus Boycott
The Daybreak of Freedom
The Leadership of King
Massive Resistance
Eisenhower and Civil Rights
The World Views the United States
THE ELECTION OF 1960
Kennedy and Nixon
The End of the 1950s
Chapter 25. THE SIXTIES, 1960–1968
THE FREEDOM MOVEMENT
The Rising Tide of Protest
Birmingham
The March on Washington
THE KENNEDY YEARS
Kennedy and the World
The Missile Crisis
Kennedy and Civil Rights
LYNDON JOHNSON’S PRESIDENCY
The Civil Rights Act of 1964
Freedom Summer
The 1964 Election
The Conservative Sixties
The Voting Rights Act
Immigration Reform
The Great Society
The War on Poverty
Freedom and Equality
THE CHANGING BLACK MOVEMENT
The Ghetto Uprisings
Malcolm X
The Rise of Black Power
VIETNAM AND THE NEW LEFT
Old and New Lefts
The Fading Consensus
The Rise of the SDS
America and Vietnam
Lyndon Johnson’s War
The Antiwar Movement
The Counterculture
Personal Liberation and the Free Individual
THE NEW MOVEMENTS AND THE RIGHTS REVOLUTION
The Feminine Mystique
Women’s Liberation
Personal Freedom
Gay Liberation
Latino Activism
Red Power
Silent Spring
The New Environmentalism
The Rights Revolution
Policing the States
The Right to Privacy
1968
A Year of Turmoil
The Global 1968
Nixon’s Comeback
The Legacy of the Sixties
Chapter 26. THE TRIUMPH OF CONSERVATISM, 1969–1988
PRESIDENT NIXON
Nixon’s Domestic Policies
Nixon and Welfare
Nixon and Race
The Burger Court
The Court and Affirmative Action
The Continuing Sexual Revolution
Nixon and Détente
VIETNAM AND WATERGATE
Nixon and Vietnam
The End of the Vietnam War
Watergate
Nixon’s Fall
THE END OF THE GOLDEN AGE
The Decline of Manufacturing
Stagflation
The Beleaguered Social Compact
Labor on the Defensive
Ford as President
The Carter Administration
Carter and the Economic Crisis
The Emergence of Human Rights Politics
The Iran Crisis and Afghanistan
THE RISING TIDE OF CONSERVATISM
The Religious Right
The Battle over the Equal Rights Amendment
The Abortion Controversy
The Tax Revolt
The Election of 1980
THE REAGAN REVOLUTION
Reagan and American Freedom
Reaganomics
Reagan and Labor
The Problem of Inequality
The Second Gilded Age
Conservatives and Reagan
Reagan and the Cold War
The Iran-Contra Affair
Reagan and Gorbachev
Reagan’s Legacy
The Election of 1988
Chapter 27. GLOBALIZATION AND ITS DISCONTENTS, 1989–2000
THE POST–COLD WAR WORLD
The Crisis of Communism
A New World Order?
The Gulf War
Visions of America’s Role
The Election of Clinton
Clinton in Office
The “Freedom Revolution”
Clinton’s Political Strategy
Clinton and World Affairs
The Balkan Crisis
Human Rights
A NEW ECONOMY?
The Computer Revolution
Global Economic Problems
The Stock Market Boom and Bust
The Enron Syndrome
Fruits of Deregulation
Rising Inequality
CULTURE WARS
The Newest Immigrants
The New Diversity
African-Americans in the 1990s
The Role of the Courts
The Spread of Imprisonment
The Burden of Imprisonment
The Continuing Rights Revolution
Native Americans in 2000
Multiculturalism
The Identity Debate
Cultural Conservatism
“Family Values” in Retreat
The Antigovernment Extreme
IMPEACHMENT AND THE ELECTION OF 2000
The Impeachment of Clinton
The Disputed Election
The 2000 Result
A Challenged Democracy
FREEDOM AND THE NEW CENTURY
Exceptional America
Varieties of Freedom
Chapter 28. SEPTEMBER 11 AND THE NEXT AMERICAN CENTURY
THE WAR ON TERRORISM
Bush before September 11
Bush and the World
“They Hate Freedom”
The Bush Doctrine
The “Axis of Evil”
The National Security Strategy
AN AMERICAN EMPIRE?
Confronting Iraq
The Iraq War
Another Vietnam?
The World and the War
THE AFTERMATH OF SEPTEMBER 11 AT HOME
Security and Liberty
The Power of the President
The Torture Controversy
The Economy under Bush
The “Jobless” Recovery
THE WINDS OF CHANGE
The 2004 Election
Bush’s Second Term
Hurricane Katrina
The New Orleans Disaster
The Immigration Debate
The Immigrant Rights Movement
The Constitution and Liberty
The Court and the President
The Midterm Elections of 2006
The Housing Bubble
The Great Recession
“A Conspiracy against the Public”
The Collapse of Market Fundamentalism
Bush and the Crisis
THE RISE OF OBAMA
The 2008 Campaign
The Age of Obama?
Obama’s Inauguration
Obama’s First Months
LEARNING FROM HISTORY
Appendix
DOCUMENTS
The Declaration of Independence (1776)
The Constitution of the United States (1787)
From George Washington’s Farewell Address (1796)
The Seneca Falls Declaration of Sentiments and Resolutions (1848)
From Frederick Douglass’s “What, to the Slave, Is the Fourth of July?” Speech (1852)
The Gettysburg Address (1863)
Abraham Lincoln’s Second Inaugural Address (1865)
The Populist Platform of 1892
Franklin D. Roosevelt’s First Inaugural Address (1933)
Martin Luther King Jr.’s “I Have a Dream” Speech (1963)
Ronald Reagan’s First Inaugural Address (1981)
Barack Obama’s Inaugural Address (2009)
TABLES AND FIGURES
Presidential Elections
Admission of States
Population of the United States
Historical Statistics of the United States
GLOSSARY
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