Bibliography

Appendix 1

1 Based on J.W. Alexander, ‘The impact of discoveries’,in The Buried Cities and the Eruption of Vesuvius: The 1900th Anniversary, ed. H.W. Benario and G.W. Lawall. Amherst: NECN and University of Massachusetts, 1979, 23–29; C. Amery, and B. Curran, The Lost World of Pompeii. London: Frances Lincoln, 2002, 30–47, 148–67; M. Brion,Pompeii and Herculaneum, The Glory and the Grief. London: Cardinal, 1973/1960, 42–72; B. Conticello, ‘Rediscovering Pompeii’,in Rediscovering Pompeii: IBM Gallery of Science and Art, ed. B. Conticello. Rome: ‘L’Erma’ di Bretschneider, 1990, 2–25; A.E. Cooley, Pompeii. London: Duckworth, 2003, 65–125; E.C.C. Corti, The Destruction and Resurrection of Pompeii and Herculaneum. Translated by K. Smith and R.G. Smith. London: Routledge & Kegan Paul, 1951, 81–209; J.-P. Descœudres, ‘Discovery and excavation’,in Pompeii Revisited: The Life and Death of a Roman Town, ed. D. Harrison. Sydney: Meditarch, 1994b, 41–53; R. Etienne, Pompeii: The Day a City Died. Translated by C. Palmer. London: Thames & Hudson, 1992, 16–41; W. Leppmann, Pompeii in Fact and Fiction. London: Elek, 1968, 48–154, R. Ling,Pompeii: History, Life and Afterlife. Stroud, Gloucestershire: Tempus, 2005, 157–70; R. Trevelyan, The Shadow of Vesuvius: Pompeii AD 79. London: Michael Joseph, 1976, 37– 100; The British School at Rome, Herculaneum: The Herculaneum Conservation Project (2007), http://www.bsr.ac.uk/BSR/sub_arch/BSR_Arch_03Herc.htm (accessed 2 October 2008). Ancient sources

Anonymous, ‘The Etna Poem’,in Minor Latin Poets in Two Volumes, Loeb Classical Library. Cambridge, Massachusetts: Harvard University Press, 1982.

Augustus, ‘Ius Trium Liberorum’,in The Oxford Classical Dictionary, ed. Hammond, N.G.L. and H.H. Scullard. Oxford: Oxford University Press, 1970.

Celsus, ‘De Medicina’,in Loeb Classical Library. Cambridge, Massachusetts: Harvard University Press, 1938.

Dio Cassius, ‘Dio’s Roman history’,in Loeb Classical Library. Cambridge, Massachusetts: Harvard University Press, 1914–27.

Diodorus Siculus, ‘Diodorus Siculus’,in Loeb Classical Library. Cambridge, Massachusetts: Harvard University Press, 1933–67.

Martial, ‘Epigrammata: English and Latin Selections’. London: Hart-Davis, MacGibbon, 1973.

Ovid, ‘The Art of Love’,in Loeb Classical Library. Cambridge, Massachusetts: Harvard University Press, 1957.

Plautus, ‘The Haunted House’,in Loeb Classical Library. Cambridge, Massachusetts: Harvard University Press, 1957.

Pliny the Elder, ‘Natural Histories’,in Loeb Classical Library. Cambridge, Massachusetts: Harvard University Press, 1938/1962.

Pliny the Younger, ‘Letters and Panegyrics’,in Loeb Classical Library. Cambridge, Massachusetts: Harvard University Press, 1969.

Plutarch, Makers of Rome: Nine Lives. Translated by Scott-Kilvert, I. Harmondsworth, England: Penguin, 1965.

Seneca, ‘Naturales Quaestiones’,in Loeb Classical Library. Cambridge, Massachusetts: Harvard University Press, 1972.

Strabo, The Geography. Translated by Jones, H.R., Loeb Classical Library. Cambridge, Massachusetts: Harvard University Press, 1988.

Suetonius, ‘The Twelve Caesars’. Middlesex: Penguin, 1957.

Tacitus, ‘Annals of Imperial Rome’. Middlesex: Penguin, 1971.

Vitruvius, ‘De Architectura’,in Loeb Classical Library. Cambridge, Massachusetts: Harvard University Press, 1934.

References

Anonymous, Documentazione nell’opera di disengnatori e pittori dei secoli XVII e XIX, 1990. Adam, J.–P., ‘Observations techniques sur les suites du séisme de 62 à Pompéi’,in Tremblements de Terre, Éruptions Volcaniques et Vie des Hommes dans la Campanie Antique, ed. Albore Livadie, C. Naples: Centre Jean Bâerard, 1986, 67–87.

Adams, W.H.D. The Buried Cities of Campania, or, Pompeii and Herculaneum: Their History, Their Destruction, and Their Remains. London: T. Nelson & Sons, Paternoster Row, 1868.

Ahlqvist, J. and D. Damsten, ‘A modification of Kerley’s method for the microscopic determination of age in human bone’, Journal of Forensic Sciences, Vol. 14, 1969: 205–12.

Alexander, J.W., ‘The impact of discoveries’,in The Buried Cities and the Eruption of Vesuvius: The 1900th Anniversary, ed. Benario, H.W. and G.W. Lawall. Amherst: NECN & University of Massachusetts, 1979, 23–29.

Allison, P.M., ‘Artefact assemblages: Not the “Pompeii Premise”’,in Papers of the Fourth Conference of Italian Archaeology, University of London, 1990, ed. Herring, E., R. Whitehouse and J. Wilkins. London: Accordia Research Centre, 1992a, 49–56.

——‘The Distribution of Pompeiian House Contents and Its Significance. Vols. I and II’, unpublished PhD thesis, School of Archaeology, Classics and Ancient History. Sydney: The University of Sydney, 1992b.

——‘On-going seismic activity and its effects on the living conditions in Pompeii in the last decades’,in La Regione Vesuviana dal 62 al 79 d.C.: Problemi Archeologici e Sismologici, ed. Frölich, T. and L. Jacobelli. Munich: 1995, 162–69.

——‘Placing individuals: Pompeian epigraphy in context’, Journal of Mediterranean Archaeology, Vol. 14, No. 1, 2001: 53–74.

——‘Recurring tremors: The continuing impact of the AD 79 eruption of Mt Vesuvius’,in Natural Disasters and Cultural Change, ed. Torrence, R. and J. Gratton. London: Routledge, 2002, 107–25.

——Pompeian Households: An Analysis of the Material Culture, Monograph 42. Los Angeles: Cotsen Institute for Archaeology, University of California, 2004.

Amery, C. and B. Curran, The Lost World of Pompeii. London: Frances Lincoln, 2002.

Anderson, B.E., ‘Ventral arc of the os pubis: Anatomical and developmental considerations’, American Journal of Physical Anthropology, Vol. 83, 1990: 449–58.

Anderson, T., ‘An Anglo-Saxon case of hyperostosis frontalis interna’, Archaeologia Cantiana, Vol. 112, 1993: 253–59.

Andreau, J., ‘Il terremoto del 62’,in Pompei 79: Raccolta di Studi per il Decimonono Centenario dell’Eruzione Vesuviana, ed. Zevi, F. Naples: Gaetano Macchiaroli, 1979, 40–44.

Andrews, I., Pompeii, Cambridge Introduction to the History of Mankind. Cambridge: Cambridge University Press, 1978.

Angel, J.L., ‘A racial analysis of the ancient Greeks: An essay on the use of morphological types’, American Journal of Physical Anthropology, Vol. 2, 1944: 329–76.

——‘Skeletal material from Attica’, Hesperia, Vol. 14, 1945: 279–363.

——‘Skeletal change in ancient Greece’, American Journal of Physical Anthropology, Vol. 4 1946: 69–97.

——‘Porotic hyperostosis, anemias, malarias and marshes in the prehistoric Eastern Mediterranean’, Science, Vol. 153, 1966: 760–63.

——‘Porotic hyperostosis or osteoporosis symmetrica’,in Diseases in Antiquity, ed. Brothwell, D.R. and A.T. Sandison. Springfield, Illinois: Charles C. Thomas, 1967, 378–89.

——‘The bases of palaeodemography’, American Journal of Physical Anthropology, Vol. 30 1969a: 427–37.

——‘Palaeodemography and evolution’, American Journal of Physical Anthropology, Vol. 31 1969b: 343–53.

——‘Ecology and population in the Eastern Mediterranean’, World Archaeology, Vol. 4, 1972: 88–105.

Angel, J.L., J.O. Kelley, M. Parrington and S. Pinter, ‘Life stresses of the free black community as represented by the First African Baptist Church, Philadelphia, 1823–41’, American Journal of Physical Anthropology, Vol. 74, No. 2, 1987: 213–29.

Anton, S.C., ‘Endocranial Hyperostosis in Sangiran 2, Gibraltar 1, and Shanidar 5’, American Journal of Physical Anthropology, Vol. 102, No. 1, 1997: 111–22.

Ariëns Kappers, C.U. and L.W. Parr. An Introduction to the Anthropology of the Near East in Ancient and Recent Times. Amsterdam: Noord-Hollandsche, 1934.

Armelagos, G.J. and O.D. Chrisman. ‘Hyperostosis frontalis interna: A Nubian case’, American Journal of Physical Anthropology, Vol. 76, 1988: 25–28.

Arnold, M.A. and B. Freeman (additions), ‘Glossary of anatomical terms’,in Unpublished Class Notes. Sydney: The University of New South Wales, Faculty of Medicine, School of Medical Sciences, Department of Anatomy, 2002.

Arriaza, B.T., C.F. Merbs and B.M. Rothschild, ‘Diffuse idiopathic skeletal hyperostosis in Meroitic Nubians from Semna South, Sudan’, American Journal of Physical Anthropology, Vol. 92, 1993: 243–48.

Ascenzi, A., ‘Physiological relationship and pathological interferences between bone tissue and marrow’,in The Biochemistry and Physiology of Bone, ed. Bourne, G.H. New York: Academic Press, 1976, 403–45.

——‘A problem in palaeopathology: The origin of thalassemia in Italy’, Virchows Archiv A: Pathological Anatomy and Histopathology, Vol. 384, 1979: 121–30.

——‘Microscopy and ultramicroscopy in palaeopathology’,in Innovative Trends in Prehistoric Anthropology: Contributions to an International Symposium from February 26th to March 1st 1986 in Berlin (West), ed. Hänsel, B. and B. Herrmann, Mitteilungen der Berliner Gesellschaft für Anthropologie, Ethnologie und Urgeschichte, Berlin: 1986, 149–56.

Ascenzi, A. and P. Balistreri. ‘Aural exostoses in a Roman skull excavated at the “Baths of the Swimmer” in the ancient town of Ostia’, Journal of Human Evolution, Vol. 4, 1975: 579–84.

Ascenzi, A., M. Brunori, G. Citro and R. Zito, ‘Immunological detection of haemoglobin in bones of ancient Roman times and of Iron and Eneolithic Ages’, Proceedings of the National Academy of Science, USA, Vol. 82, 1985: 7170–72.

Ascher, R., ‘Analogy in archaeological interpretation’, Southwestern Journal of Anthropology, Vol. 17, 1961: 317–25.

Ashley Montagu, M.F., Man’s Most Dangerous Myth: The Fallacy of Race. 3rd edn. New York: Harper & Brothers, 1952.

——(ed.), The Concept of Race. New York: Free Press, 1964.

Aufderheide, A.C., ‘Chemical analysis of skeletal remains’,in Reconstruction of Life from the Skeleton, ed. Iscan, M.Y. and K.A.R. Kennedy. New York: Alan R. Liss, 1989, 237–60.

——The Scientific Study of Mummies. Cambridge: Cambridge University Press, 2003.

Aufderheide, A.C. and C. Rodriguez-Martin, The Cambridge Encyclopaedia of Human Palaeopathology. Cambridge: Cambridge University Press, 1998.

Bailey, J.F., M. Henneberg, I.B. Colson, A. Ciarollo, R.E.M. Hedges and B. Sykes, ‘Monkey business in Pompeii: Unique find of a juvenile Barbary Macaque skeleton in Pompeii identified using osteology and ancient DNA techniques’, Molecular Biology and Evolution, Vol. 16, 1999: 1410–14.

Barber, G., I. Watt, and J. Rogers, ‘A comparison of radiological and palaeopathological diagnostic criteria for hyperostosis frontalis interna’, International Journal of Osteoarchaeology, Vol. 7, 1998: 157–64.

Barker, B.C.W., ‘Concerning the possibility of estimating the original dimensions of worn Aboriginal teeth’, Australian Dental Journal, Vol. 17, 1972: 448–53.

Barnicot, N.A. and D.R. Brothwell, ‘The evaluation of metrical data in the comparison of ancient and modern bones’,in CIBA Foundation Symposium on Medical Biology and Etruscan Origins, ed. Wolstenholme, G.E.W. and C.M. O’Connor. London: J. & A. Churchill, 1959, 131–48.

Bass, W.M., Human Osteology: A Laboratory and Field Manual of the Human Skeleton. 2nd edn. Columbia: Missouri Archaeological Society, 1984.

Bastet, F.L. and M. De Vos. Proposta per una Classificazione del Terzo Stile Pompeiano. Translated by De Vos, A. Vol. 4, Archeologische Studien van het Nederlands Instituut te Rome. s-Gravenhage: Staatsuitgeverij, 1979.

Baxter, P.J. ‘Medical effects of volcanic eruptions’, Bulletin of Volcanology, Vol. 52, 1990: 532–44.

Baxter, P.J., R.S. Bernstein, H. Falk, J. French and R. Ing, ‘Medical aspects of volcanic disasters: An outline of the hazards and emergency response measures’, Disasters, Vol. 6, No. 4, 1982: 268–76.

Baxter, P.J., R. Boyle, P. Cole, A. Neri, R. Spence and G. Zuccaro, ‘The impacts of pyroclastic surges on buildings at the eruption of the Soufrière Hills Volcano, Montserrat’, Bulletin of Volcanology, Vol. 67, No. 4, 2005: 292–313.

Baxter, P.J., A. Neri and M. Todesco, ‘Physical modelling and human survival in pyroclastic flows’, Natural Hazards, Vol. 17, No. 2, 1998: 163–76.

Baxter, P.J., R.E. Stoiber and S.N. Williams, ‘Volcanic gases and health: Masaya Volcano, Nicaragua’, The Lancet, Vol. 320, No. 8290, 1982: 150–51.

Becker, M.J. ‘Calculating stature from in situ measurements of skeletons and from long bone lengths: An historical perspective leading to a test of Formicola’s hypothesis at 5th century BCE Satricum, Lazio, Italy’, Rivista di Antrolopologia, Vol. 77, 1999: 225–47.

——‘Review [untitled]’, Rev. of I Fuggiaschi di Ercolano: Paleobiologia delle vittime dell’eruzione Vesuviana del 79 D.C. by Capasso, L. Rome: L’Erma di Bretschneider, 2001), Journal of Roman Studies, Vol. 93, 2003: 404–6.

Bedford, M.E., K.F. Russell, C.O. Lovejoy, R.S. Meindl, S.W. Simpson and P.L. StuartMacadam, ‘Test of the multifactorial aging method using skeletons with known ages-atdeath from the Grant Collection’, American Journal of Physical Anthropology, Vol. 91, 1993: 287–97.

Belcastro, M.G., F. Facchini and E. Rastelli. ‘Hyperostosis Frontalis Interna and Sex Identification of Two Skeletons’, International Journal of Osteoarchaeology, Vol. 16, No. 6, 2006: 506–16.

Beloch, J. Campanien: Geschichte und Topographie des Antiken Neapel und Seiner Umgebung. 2nd edn. Breslau: E. Morganstern, 1890.

Benario, H.W., ‘The land, the cities, the event’,in The Buried Cities and the Eruption of Vesuvius: The 1900th Anniversary, ed. Benario, H.W. and G.W. Lawall, Lectures presented at Emory University on May 7, 1979 in a symposium sponsored by the Dept. of Modern Languages and Classics, Alpha Sigma chapter of Eta Sigma Phi, and the Atlanta Society of the Archaeological Institute of America. Amherst: NECN & University of Massachusetts, 1979, 1–6.

Berry, A.C. and R.J. Berry, ‘Epigenetic variation in the human cranium’, Journal of Anatomy, Vol. 101, 1967: 361–79.

Bickford, A., D. Donlon and S. Lavelle, ‘Skeletal Remains: Guidelines for the Management of Human Skeletal Remains under the Heritage Act 1999’. Sydney: New South Wales Heritage Office, 1998.

Biddle, M., ‘The archaeology of Winchester’, Scientific American, Vol. 230, No. 5, 1974: 32– 43.

Binford, L.R., ‘Behavioural archaeology and the “Pompeii Premise” in archaeology’, Journal of Anthropological Research, Vol. 37, 1981: 195–208.

Bisel, S.C., ‘The Herculaneum Project: Preliminary Report’, Palaeopathology Newsletter, Vol. 41, 1983: 6–7.

——‘The people of Herculaneum’, Helmartica, Vol. 37, 1986: 11–23.

——‘Human bones at Herculaneum’, Rivista di Studi Pompeiani, Vol. 1, 1987: 123–31.

——‘Nutrition in first century Herculaneum’, Anthropologie, Vol. 26, 1988a: 61–66.

——‘The skeletons of Herculaneum, Italy’,in Wet Site Archaeology: Proceedings of the International Conference on Wet Site Archaeology, Gainesville, Florida, December 12–14, 1986; sponsored by the National Endowment for the Humanities and University of Florida, ed. Purdy, B.A. Caldwell, New Jersey: Telford Press, 1988b.

——‘The human skeletons of Herculaneum’, International Journal of Anthropology, Vol. 6, No. 1, 1991: 1–20.

Bisel, S.C. and J.F. Bisel, ‘Health and nutrition at Herculaneum: An examination of human skeletal remains’,in The Natural History of Pompeii, ed. Jashemski, W.F. and F.G. Meyer. Cambridge: Cambridge University Press, 2002, 451–75.

Bisel, S.C., J.F. Bisel and S. Tanaka, The Secrets of Vesuvius. Toronto: Madison Press, 1990.

Bleibtreu, H.K. (ed.), Evolutionary Anthropology: A Reader in Human Biology Boston: Allyn & Bacon, 1969.

Bliquez, L.J., Roman Surgical Instruments and Other Minor Objects in the National Museum of Naples. Mainz, Germany: Philipp von Zabern, 1994.

Blong, R.J., Volcanic Hazards: A Sourcebook on the Effects of Eruptions. Sydney: Academic Press, 1984.

Boas, F., ‘Changes in bodily form of descendants of immigrants (reprint of 1912 article)’,in Frontiers of Anthropology, ed. Ashley Montagu, M.F. New York: Capricorn Books, 1974, 321–32.

Bocquet-Appel, J.P. and C. Masset, ‘Paleodemography: Resurrection or Ghost?’, Journal of Human Evolution, Vol. 14, No. 2, 1985: 107–11.

——‘Farewell to paleodemography’, Journal of Human Evolution, Vol. 11, 1982: 321–33.

Boldsen, J.L., G.R. Milner, L.W. Konigsberg and J.W. Wood, ‘Transition analysis: A new method for estimating age from skeletons’,in Paleodemography: Age Distributions from Skeletal Samples, ed. Hoppa, R.D. and J.W. Vaupel, Cambridge Studies in Biological and Evolutionary Anthropology. Cambridge: Cambridge University Press, 2002, 73–106.

Bologna, F., ‘The rediscovery of Herculaneum and Pompeii in the artistic culture of Europe in the eighteenth century’,in Rediscovering Pompeii: IBM Gallery of Science and Art, ed. Conticello, B. Rome: ‘L’Erma’ di Bretschneider, 1990, 79–91.

Bondioli, L., R.S. Corruccini and R. Macchiarelli, ‘Familial segregation in the Iron-Age community of Alfedena, Abruzzo, Italy, based on osteo-dental trait analysis’, American Journal of Physical Anthropology, Vol. 71, No. 4, 1986: 393–400.

Bonfiglioli, B., P. Brasili and M.G. Belcastro, ‘Dento-alveolar lesions and nutritional habits of a Roman Imperial age population (1st–4th c. AD): Quadrella (Molise, Italy)’, Homo: Journal of Comparative Human Biology, Vol. 54, No. 1, 2003: 36–56.

Boulle, E.-L., ‘Evolution of two human skeletal markers of the squatting position: A diachronic study from antiquity to the modern age’, American Journal of Physical Anthropology, Vol. 115, No. 1, 2001: 50–56.

Bowden, K.M., Forensic Medicine. 2nd edn. Brisbane: Jacaranda, 1965.

Bowler, S., ‘Earthquakes and volcanoes’, New Scientist, Vol. 139, No. 1891: Inside Science Supplement 64, 1993: 1–4.

——‘Earth’s fireworks’, Rev. of P. Francis, Volcanoes: A Planetary Perspective, Oxford University Press, 1993, New Scientist, Vol. 139, No. 1891, 1993: 40–41.

Boyd, W.C., Genetics and the Races of Man. Boston: Little, Brown & Co., 1950.

Breathnach, A.S. (ed.), Frazer’s Anatomy of the Human Skeleton. London: J. & A. Churchill, 1965.

Brier, B., The Encyclopedia of Mummies. New York: Checkmark, 1998.

——Egyptian Mummies: Unravelling the Secrets of an Ancient Art. London: Brockhampton Press, 1999/1994.

Briggs, C.A., ‘Anthropological assessment’,in Craniofacial Identification in Forensic Medicine, ed. Clement, J.G. and D.L. Ranson. London: Arnold, 1998, 49–61.

Brion, M., Pompeii and Herculaneum: The Glory and the Grief. London: Cardinal, 1973/1960.

Brooks, S. and J.M. Suchey. ‘Skeletal age determination based on the os pubis: A comparison of the Acsádi–Nemeskéri and Suchey–Brooks methods’, Human Evolution, Vol. 5, No. 3, 1990: 227–38.

Brothwell, D.R., Digging up Bones: The Excavation, Treatment and Study of Human Skeletal Remains. 3rd edn. London: British Museum (Natural History) & Oxford University Press, 1981.

——The Bog Man and the Archaeology of People. London: British Museum Publications, 1986.

Brothwell, D.R., E. Higgs and G. Clark (eds), Science in Archaeology: A Comprehensive Survey of Progress and Research. New York: Basic Books, 1963.

Brothwell, D.R. and A.T. Sandison. Diseases in Antiquity. Springfield, Illinois: Basic Books, 1967.

Brown, D.M. (ed.), Pompeii: The Vanished City. Alexandria, Virginia: Time–Life Books, 1992.

Brown, J.M., ‘Eyewitness memory for arousing events: putting things into context’, Applied Cognitive Psychology, Vol. 17, No. 1, 2003: 93–106.

Brues, A.M., People and Races. New York: Macmillan, 1977.

Bruner, E., M. Averini, and G. Manzi, ‘Endocranial traits. Prevalence and distribution in a recent human population’, European Journal of Anatomy, Vol. 7, No. 1, 2003: 23–33.

Buikstra, J.E., ‘Repatriation and bioarchaeology: Challenges and opportunities’,in Bioarchaeology: The Contextual Analysis of Human Remains, ed. Buikstra, J.E. and L.A. Beck. Amsterdam: Academic Press, 2006), 389–415.

Buikstra, J.E. and D.H. Ubelaker (eds), Standards for Data Collection from Human Skeletal Remains: Proceedings of a Seminar at the Field Museum of Natural History Organized by Jonathon Haas. Fayetteville, Arkansas, 1994.

Bullard, F.M., ‘Volcanoes and their activity’,in Volcanic Activity and Human Ecology, ed. Sheets, P.D. and D.K. Grayson. New York: Academic Press, 1979, 9–48.

——Volcanoes of the Earth. Austin: University of Texas Press, 1984.

Bulwer-Lytton, E. Paul Clifford. London: Routledge, 1875.

——The Last Days of Pompeii. New York: Putnam, 1897.

—— C. Frères (illustrations) and H. Rouillard (adapted by). Les Derniers Jours de Pompéi, Bibliothèque Juventa. Paris: Librairie Delagrave, 1936.

Busignani, A., Botticelli: The Life and Work of the Artist. London: Thames & Hudson, 1968.

Butterworth, A. and R. Laurence, Pompeii: The Living City. London: Weidenfeld & Nicolson, 2005.

Buzarbaruah, P.M., ‘Changes in anthropometric measurements due to migration and environment: A preliminary observation’, Anthropologie, Vol. 30, No. 2, 1992: 189–95.

Cabell, C.H., E. Abrutyn, and A.W. Karchmer, ‘Bacterial endocarditis: The disease, treatment, and prevention’,in Circulation, Vol. 107, American Heart Association, 2003; e185–e7.

Calcagno, J.M., ‘On the applicability of sexing human skeletal material by discriminant function analysis’, Journal of Human Evolution, Vol. 10, 1981: 189–98.

Cammisa, M., A. De Serio and G. Guglielmi. ‘Diffuse idiopathic skeletal hyperostosis’, European Journal of Radiology, Vol. 27, No. Supplement 1, 1998: 7–11.

Campbell, J.L., Edward Bulwer-Lytton. Boston: Twayne, 1986.

Capasso, L., ‘Brucellosis at Herculaneum (79 _AD)’, International Journal of Osteoarchaeology, Vol. 9, 1999: 277–88.

——‘Herculaneum victims of the volcanic eruptions of Vesuvius in 79 AD’, The Lancet, Vol. 356, No. 9238, 2000a: 1344–46.

——‘Indoor pollution and respiratory diseases in ancient Rome’, The Lancet, Vol. 356, No. 9243, 2000b: 1774.

——I Fuggiaschi di Ercolano: Paleobiologia delle Vittime dell’Eruzione Vesuviana del 79 d.C. Roma: ‘L’Erma’ di Bretschneider, 2001.

——‘Bacteria in two-millennia-old cheese, and related epizoonoses in Roman populations’, Journal of Infection, Vol. 45, No. 2, 2002: 122–27.

——‘Infectious diseases and eating habits at Herculaneum (1st century AD, Southern Italy)’, International Journal of Osteoarchaeology, Vol. 17, No. 4, 2007: 350–57.

Capasso, L. and L. Capasso, ‘Mortality in Herculaneum before volcanic eruption in 79 AD’, The Lancet, Vol. 354, No. 9192, 1999: 1826.

Capasso, L. and L. Di Domenicantonio, ‘Work-related syndesmoses on the bones of children who died at Herculaneum’, The Lancet, Vol. 352, No. 9140, 1998: 1634.

Capasso, L. and G. Di Tota, ‘Lice buried under the ashes of Herculaneum’, The Lancet, Vol. 351, No. 9107, 1998: 992.

——‘Tuberculosis in Herculaneum (79 AD)’,in Tuberculosis Past and Present, ed. Pálfi, G., O. Dutour, J. Deák and I. Hutás. Budapest: Golden Books & Tuberculosis Foundation, 1999, 463–67.

Capasso, L., K.A.R. Kennedy and C.A. Wilczak, Atlas of Occupational Markers on Human Remains, Journal of Paleopathology: Monographic Publication 3. Teramo: Journal of Paleopathology & Edigrafital, 1999.

Carafa, P., ‘Recent work on early Pompeii’,in The World of Pompeii, ed. Dobbins, J.J. and P. W. Foss (London: Routledge, 2007), 63–72.

Carattelli, G.P. (ed.), Pompei: Pitture e Mosaici. (Rome: Istituto della Enciclopedia Italiana, 1993.

Carey, S. and H. Sigurdsson. ‘Temporal variations in column height and magma discharge rate during the AD 79 eruption of Vesuvius’, Geological Society of America Bulletin, Vol. 99, 1987: 303–14.

Carrington, R.C., Pompeii. Oxford: Clarendon Press, 1936.

Cartmill, M. and K. Brown, ‘Surveying the race concept: A reply to Lieberman, Kirk, and Littlefield’, American Anthropologist, Vol. 105, No. 1, 2003: 114–15.

Caspari, R., ‘From types to populations: A century of race, physical anthropology, and the American Anthropological Association’, American Anthropologist, Vol. 105, No. 1, 2003: 65–76.

Cassanelli, R., ‘Images of Pompeii: From engraving to photography’,in Houses and Monuments of Pompeii: The Works of Fausto and Felice Niccolini, ed. Cassanelli, R., P.L. Ciapparelli, E. Colle and M. David. Los Angeles: The J. Paul Getty Museum, 2002, 48–51.

Cassanelli, R., P.L. Ciapparelli, E. Colle and M. David, Houses and Monuments of Pompeii: The Works of Fausto and Felice Niccolini. Translated by T.M. Hartmann. Los Angeles: The J. Paul Getty Museum, 2002.

Caton, R. ‘Notes on a group of medical and surgical instruments found near Kolophon’, Journal of Hellenic Studies, Vol. 34, 1914: 114–18.

Cerulli Irelli, M.G., ‘Intorno al problema della rinascita di Pompei’,in Neue Forschungen in Pompeji, ed. Andreae, B. and H. Kyrieleis. Recklinghausen: Aurel Bongers, 1975, 291–98.

——‘Der letzten Pompejanische stil’,in Pompejianische Wandmalerei, ed. Cerulli Irelli, G., M. Aoyagi and D. Stefano. Zürich: Belser, 1990, 233–38.

Chamberlain, A.T., Demography in Archaeology, Cambridge Manuals in Archaeology. Cambridge: Cambridge University Press, 2006.

Chamberlain, A.T. and M.P. Pearson, Earthly Remains: The History and Science of Preserved Bodies. Oxford: Oxford University Press, 2001.

Ciarello, A.M. and E. De Carolis, ‘La data dell’ eruzione’, Rivista di Studi Pompeiani, Vol. 9, 1998: 63–73.

Cipollaro, M., G. Di Bernardo, A. Forte, G. Galano, L. De Masi, U. Galderisi, F.M. Guarino, F. Angelini and A. Cascino, ‘Histological analysis and ancient DNA amplification of human bone remains found in Caius Iulius Polybius House in Pompeii’, Croatian Medical Journal, Vol. 40, No. 3, 1999: 392–97.

Cipollaro, M., G. Di Bernardo, G. Galano, U. Galderisi, F.M. Guarino, F. Angelini and A. Cascino, ‘Ancient DNA in human bone remains from Pompeii archaeological site’, Biochemical and Biophysical Research Communications, Vol. 247, No. 3, 1998: 901–4.

Ciprotti, P., Pompei, Universale Studium: 86. Rome: Studium, 1962.

——‘Der letzte tag von Pompeji’, Altertum, Vol. 10, 1964: 40–54.

Civale, A., ‘Oplontis: Introduction’,in Tales from an Eruption: Pompeii, Herculaneum, Oplontis: Guide to the Exhibition, ed. Guzzo, P.G. Milan: Electa, 2003a, 72–73.

——‘Oplontis: The villa of Lucius Crassius Tertius’,in Tales from an Eruption: Pompeii, Herculaneum, Oplontis: Guide to the Exhibition, ed. Guzzo, P.G. Milan: Electa, 2003b, 74–79.

——‘Pompeii: Caupona (V, 1, 13)’,in Tales from an Eruption: Pompeii, Herculaneum, Oplontis: Guide to the Exhibition, ed. Guzzo, P.G. Milan: Electa, 2003c, 106–7.

——‘Pompeii: The harbour gate’,in Tales from an Eruption: Pompeii, Herculaneum, Oplontis: Guide to the Exhibition, ed. Guzzo, P.G. Milan: Electa, 2003d, 151–52.

——‘Pompeii: The house of Julius Polybius (IX, 13, 1–3)’,in Tales from an Eruption: Pompeii, Herculaneum, Oplontis: Guide to the Exhibition, ed. Guzzo, P.G. Milan: Electa, 2003e, 163– 65.

——‘Pompeii: The house of Oppius Gratus (IX, 6, 5)’,in Tales from an Eruption: Pompeii, Herculaneum, Oplontis: Guide to the Exhibition, ed. Guzzo, P.G. Milan: Electa, 2003f, 113–15.

——‘Pompeii: The house of the centenary (IX, 8, 3–5)’,in Tales from an Eruption: Pompeii, Herculaneum, Oplontis: Guide to the Exhibition, ed. Guzzo, P.G. Milan: Electa, 2003g, 116–19.

——‘Pompeii: The House of the Craftsman (I, 10, 7)’,in Tales from an Eruption: Pompeii, Herculaneum, Oplontis: Guide to the Exhibition, ed. Guzzo, P.G. Milan: Electa, 2003h, 140–42.

——‘Pompeii: The house of the Menander (I, 10, 4)’,in Tales from an Eruption: Pompeii, Herculaneum, Oplontis: Guide to the Exhibition, ed. Guzzo, P.G. Milan: Electa, 2003i, 137–39.

——‘Pompeii: The Nolan Gate’,in Tales from an Eruption: Pompeii, Herculaneum, Oplontis:

Guide to the Exhibition , ed. Guzzo, P.G. Milan: Electa, 2003j, 120–23.

——‘Pompeii: The Vesuvius Gate’,in Tales from an Eruption: Pompeii, Herculaneum, Oplontis:

Guide to the Exhibition, ed. Guzzo, P.G. Milan: Electa, 2003k, 124–25.

——‘Pompeii: The villa of the mysteries’,in Tales from an Eruption: Pompeii, Herculaneum,

Oplontis: Guide to the Exhibition, ed. Guzzo, P.G. Milan: Electa, 2003l, 134–36. ——‘Pompeii: Via Dell’Abbondanza’,in Tales from an Eruption: Pompeii, Herculaneum, Oplontis:

Guide to the Exhibition, ed. Guzzo, P.G. Milan: Electa, 2003m, 130–31.

——‘Pompeii: Vicolo di Tesmus’,in Tales from an Eruption: Pompeii, Herculaneum, Oplontis:

Guide to the Exhibition, ed. Guzzo, P.G. Milan: Electa, 2003n, 110–12.

——‘Pompeii: Introduction’,in Tales from an Eruption: Pompeii, Herculaneum, Oplontis: Guide to

the Exhibition, ed. Guzzo, P.G. Milan: Electa, 2003o, 90–91.

——‘Pompeii: The Temple of Isis’,in Tales from an Eruption: Pompeii, Herculaneum, Oplontis:

Guide to the Exhibition, ed. Guzzo, P.G. Milan: Electa, 2003p, 95–97.

——‘Pompeii: Vicolo degli Scheletri (VII, 13, 19)’,in Tales from an Eruption: Pompeii, Herculaneum, Oplontis: Guide to the Exhibition, ed. Guzzo, P.G. Milan: Electa, 2003q, 103–5. ——‘Terzigno: Introduction’,in Tales from an Eruption: Pompeii, Herculaneum, Oplontis: Guide to

the Exhibition, ed. Guzzo, P.G. Milan: Electa, 2003r, 80–85.

——‘Terzigno: Villa 6’,in Tales from an Eruption: Pompeii, Herculaneum, Oplontis: Guide to the

Exhibition, ed. Guzzo, P.G. Milan: Electa, 2003s, 86–89.

Clarke, N.G., S.E. Carey, W. Srikandi, R.S. Hirsch, and P.I. Leppard. ‘Periodontal disease in

ancient populations’, American Journal of Physical Anthropology, Vol. 71, 1986: 173–83. Clay, E. and M. Fredericksen (eds), ‘Sir William Gell in Italy: Letters to the Society of

Dilettanti, 1831–35’. London: Hamilton, 1976.

Clement, J.G., ‘Dental identification’,in Craniofacial Identification in Forensic Medicine, ed.

Clement, J.G. and D.L. Ranson. London: Arnold, 1998, 63–81.

Cocheton, J.J., L. Fineltain, and J. Poulet, ‘Le syndrome de Morgagni-Stewart-Morel: Mythe

ou réalité?’, Semaine des Hôpitaux, Vol. 50, 1974: 2945–50.

Cockburn, A., E. Cockburn, and T.A. Reyman (eds), Mummies, Disease and Ancient Cultures.

Cambridge: Cambridge University Press, 1998.

Cohen, I.B., The Triumph of Numbers: How Counting Shaped Modern Life. New York: WW

Norton & Company, 2005.

Colley, S. Uncovering Australia: Archaeology, Indigenous People and the Public. Sydney: Allen &

Unwin, 2002.

Collins, D.H., Pathology of Bone. London: Butterworths, 1966.

Colliton, J., ‘Back pain and pregnancy: Active management strategies’,in The Physician and

Sportsmedicine (1996 July).

Comas, J., Manual of Physical Anthropology. Springfield, Illinois: Charles C. Thomas, 1960. Conticello, B. Villa dei Misteri. Milan: FMR/Museum, 1987.

——‘Rediscovering Pompeii’,in Rediscovering Pompeii: IBM Gallery of Science and Art ed.

Conticello, B. (Rome: ‘L’Erma’ di Bretschneider, 1990), 2–25.

Cook, D.C., ‘The old physical anthropology and the New World: A look at the accomplishments of an antiquated paradigm’,in Bioarchaeology: The Contextual Analysis of Human

Remains, ed. Buikstra, J.E. and L.A. Beck. Amsterdam: Academic Press, 2006, 27–72. Cook, D.C. and M.L. Powell, ‘The evolution of American paleopathology’,in Bioarchaeology:

The Contextual Analysis of Human Remains, ed. Buikstra, J.E. and L.A. Beck. Amsterdam:

Academic Press, 2006, 281–322.

Cooley, A.E., Pompeii. London: Duckworth, 2003.

Cooley, A.E. and M.G.L. Cooley, Pompeii: A Sourcebook. London: Routledge, 2004. Coon, C.S., The Races of Europe. New York: Macmillan, 1939.

——The Origin of Races. London: Jonathan Cape, 1963.

Coon, C.S. and E.E. Hunt (eds), The Living Races of Man. London: Jonathan Cape, 1965. Coppa, A., A. Cucina, D. Mancinelli, R. Vargiu, and J.M. Calcagno, ‘Dental anthropology of

Central-Southern, Iron Age Italy: The evidence of metric versus nonmetric traits’, American

Journal of Physical Anthropology, Vol. 107, No. 4, 1998: 371–86.

Cordovani, R., La Cripta dei Cappuccini. Chiesa dell’Immacolata Concezione Via Vittorio VenetoRoma. Rome: Provincia Romana dei Frati Minori Cappuccini, 2005.

Corruccini, R.S., ‘An examination of the meaning of cranial discrete traits for human skeletal

biological studies’, American Journal of Physical Anthropology, Vol. 40, 1974: 425–45. Corti, E.C.C., The Destruction and Resurrection of Pompeii and Herculaneum. Translated by Smith,

K. and R.G. Smith. London: Routledge & Kegan Paul, 1951.

Costantini, R.M. and L. Capasso, ‘Sulla Presenza di DNA endogeno nei resti scheletri dei

fuggiaschi di Ercolano’,in I Fuggiaschi di Ercolano: Paleobiologia delle Vittime dell‘Eruzione

Vesuviana del 79 d.C., Appendix 3, ed. Capasso, L. Rome: ‘L’Erma’ di Bretschneider, 2001,

1069–74.

Council for British Archaeology, Handbook of Scientific Aids and Evidence for Archaeologists.

London: Council for British Archaeology, 1970.

Court, S., ‘Teaching archaeology of human remains to students: The perspective of the

Nicholson Museum Education Program’, Teaching History (History Teachers’ Association of

NSW), Vol. 40, No. 1, 2006: 34–35.

Cox, M. and A. Scott, ‘Evaluation of the obstetric significance of some pelvic characters in an

18th century British sample of known parity status’, American Journal of Physical Anthropology, Vol. 89, 1992: 431–40.

Cremin, B., H. Goodman, J. Spranger and P. Beighton, ‘Wormian bones in osteogenesis

imperfecta and other disorders’, Skeletal Radiology, Vol. 8, 1982: 35–38.

Cucina, A., R. Vargiu, D. Mancinelli, R. Ricci, E. Santandrea, P. Catalano, and A. Coppa,

‘The Necropolis of Vallerano (Rome, 2nd–3rd Century AD): An anthropological perspective

on the Ancient Romans in the Suburbium’, International Journal of Osteoarchaeology, Vol. 16,

No. 2, 2006: 104–16.

Cutler, B.L., S.D. Penrod and T.K. Martens, ‘The reliability of eyewitness identification’, Law

and Human Behavior, Vol. 11, No. 3, 1987: 233–58.

Daintith, J. and J.O.E. Clark, The Facts on File Dictionary of Mathematics. 3rd edn. New York:

Checkmark, 1999.

Damasio, A.R. and H. Damasio. ‘Brain and language’, Scientific American, Vol. 267, No. 3,

1992: 62–71.

D’Ambrosio, A., ‘The lady from Oplontis’,in Rediscovering Pompeii: IBM Gallery of Science and

Art ed. Conticello, B. (Rome: ‘L’Erma’ di Bretschneider, 1990), 133.

D’Amore, C., M. Carfagna and G. Matarese, ‘Definizione antropologica della popolazione

adulta di un commune della provincia di Napoli’,in Rendiconto dell’Accademia delle Scienze,

Fisiche e Matematiche della Società Nazionale di Scienze, Lettere ed Arti in Napoli, Serie IV, XXXI

Naples: 1964.

D’Amore, C. and T. De Leo. ‘Antropologia Pompeiana del 79 d.C., Paleodietica. Nota I:

generalità’, Archivio per l’Antropologia e la Etnologia, Vol. 116, 1986: 81–106. D’Amore, C., F. Mallegni and M. Schiano di Zenise, ‘Antropologia pompeiana del 79 d.C.:

Sesso ed età di morte’, Archivio per l’Antropologia e la Etnologia, Vol. 109, 1979: 297–308. ——‘Primi risultati degli studi sull’antropologia Pompeiana del 79 d.C.’,in La Regione Sotterrata dal Vesuvio: Studi e Prospettive, Atti del Convegno Internazionale 11–15 Novembre 1979.

Napoli: Università degli Studi, 1982, 927–43.

Daniel, G.E., The Origins and Growth of Archaeology. Middlesex: Penguin, 1967. ——A Hundred and Fifty Years of Archaeology. 2nd edn. London: Duckworth, 1975. ——A Short History of Archaeology. London: Thames & Hudson, 1981.

D’Arms, J.H., Romans on the Bay of Naples: A Social and Cultural Study of the Villas and their

Owners from 150 BC to AD 400. Cambridge Massachusetts: Harvard University Press, 1970. David, A.R. and R. Archbold, Conversations with Mummies: New Light on the Lives of the Ancient

Egyptians. Sydney: Allen & Unwin, 2000.

David, M., ‘Fiorelli and documentation methods in archaeology, photography’,in Houses and

Monuments of Pompeii: The Works of Fausto and Felice Niccolini, ed. Cassanelli, R., P.L. Ciapparelli, E. Colle and M. David. Los Angeles: The J. Paul Getty Museum, 2002, 52–57. De Caro, S. and A. Casale, Boscoreale e le Sue Testimonianze Archeologiche: Villa Rustica in Località Villa

Regina. Naples: Commune di Boscoreale, Assessorato ai Beni Culturali e Ambientali, 1988. De Carolis, E. and G. Patricelli, ‘Le vittime dell’eruzione’,in Storie da un’Eruzione: Pompei,

Ercolano, Oplontis: Guida alla Mostra, ed. d’Ambrosio, A., P.G. Guzzo and M. Mastroroberto.

Milan: Electa, 2003a, 56–72.

——Vesuvius, AD 79: The Destruction of Pompeii and Herculaneum. Translated by The J. Paul

Getty Trust. Rome: ‘L’Erma’ di Bretschneider, 2003b.

De Carolis, E., G. Patricelli and A. Ciarallo, ‘Rinvenimenti di corpi umani nell’area urbana di

Pompei’, Rivista di Studi Pompeiani, Vol. 9, 1998: 75–123.

De Franciscis, A., The Pompeian Wall Paintings in the Roman Villa of Oplontis. Recklinghausen,

Germany: Aurel Bongers, 1975.

De Kind, R.E.L.B., ‘Two Tondo heads in the Casa dell’Atrio a Mosaico (IV,1–2) at Herculaneum: Some remarks on portraits in Campanian wall paintings’, Kölner Jahrbuch für Vor–und

Frühgeschichte, Vol. 24, 1991: 165–69.

De Simone, A., ‘Archaeology and science’,in Rediscovering Pompeii: IBM Gallery of Science and

Art, ed. Conticello, B. Rome: ‘L’Erma’ di Bretschneider, 1990, 62–77.

——‘I siti archeologici Vesuviani sepolti dalla eruzione del Somma–Vesuvio’,in Vesuvio 79

AD: Vita e Morte ad Ercolano: Mostra Fotografica e di Reperti Archeologici, ed. Petrone, P.P. and

F. Fedele. Naples: Fredericiana Editrice Universitaria, 2002, 93–104.

De Stefano, G.F., G. Hauser, A. Guidotti, E. Gualdo Russo and P. Brasili Gualandi,

‘Reflections on interobserver differences in scoring non-metric cranial traits (with practical

examples)’, Journal of Human Evolution, Vol. 13, 1984: 349–55.

De Vos, A., ‘Casa dei quadretti teatrali’,in Pompei: Pitture e Mosaici. Rome: Istituto dell’Enciclopedia, 1990, 361–96.

De Vos, A. and M. De Vos, Pompei, Ercolano, Stabia. Rome: Laterza, 1982.

De Waele, J.A.K., ‘The “doric” temple in the Forum Triangulare’,in Pompeii, Opuscula Pompeiana, III (1993), 105–18.

Deevey, E.S., ‘The human population’, Scientific American, Vol. 203, 1960: 194–204. Deiss, J.J., Herculaneum: Italy’s Buried Treasure. 2nd edn. New York: Harper & Row, 1985. Della Corte, M., Casa ed Abitanti di Pompei. 3rd edn. Naples: Fausto Fiorentino, 1965. Delle Chiaie, S., ‘Cenno notomico-patologico sulle ossa umane scavate in Pompei: Letto dal

Socio ordinario Stefano Delle Chiaie nella tornata de’ 15 settembre 1853’, Filiatre-Sebezio,

Vol. 48, 1854: 3–30.

Descœudres, J.-P., ‘A Pompeian house revisited’, Australian Natural History, Vol. 20, No. 4,

1980: 117–22.

——‘ Rome and Roman art’,in The Enduring Past: Archaeology of the Ancient World for Australians, ed. Cremin, A. Sydney: NSW University Press, 1987, 164–209.

——‘Did some Pompeians return to their city after the eruption of Mt. Vesuvius in AD 79? Observations in the house of the coloured capitals’,in Ercolano 1738–1988: 250 Anni di Ricerca Archeologica, ed. Dell’Orto, L.F. Rome: “L’Erma” di Bretschneider, 1993, 165–78.

——‘A brief history of Pompeii’,in Pompeii Revisited: The Life and Death of a Roman Town, ed. Harrison, D. Sydney: Meditarch, 1994a, 1–39.

——‘Discovery and excavation’,in Pompeii Revisited: The Life and Death of a Roman Town, ed. Harrison, D. Sydney: Meditarch, 1994b, 41–53.

——Pompeii Revisited: The Life and Death of a Roman Town. Sydney: Meditarch, 1994c.

Devriendt, W., M.D. Piercecchi-Marti, P. Adalian, A. Sanvoisin, O. Dutour and G. Leonetti. ‘Hyperostosis frontalis interna: Forensic issues’, Journal of Forensic Science, Vol. 50, No. 1, 2005: 143–46.

Devriendt, W., M.D. Piercecchi-Marti, Y. Ardagna, E. Mahieu, I. Hershkovitz, M. Signoli and O. Dutour, ‘Two Neolithic cases of hyperostosis frontalis interna’, International Journal of Osteoarchaeology, Vol. 14, 2004: 414–18.

Di Bernardo, G., S. Del Gaudio, M. Cammarota, U. Galderisi, A. Cascino and M. Cipollaro, ‘Enzymatic repair of selected cross-linked homoduplex molecules enhances nuclear gene rescue from Pompeii and Herculaneum remains’,in Nucleic Acids Research, Vol. 30(4), 2002: e16.

Di Bernardo, G., G. Galano, U. Galderisi, A. Cascino, F.M. Guarino, F. Angelini and M. Cipollaro, ‘Analisi dei reperti ossei della casa grado di conservazione ed amplificazione del DNA antico’,in La Casa di Giulio Polibio: Studi Interdisciplinari, ed. Ciarallo, A. and E. De Carolis. Pompei: Centro Studi arti Figurative, Università di Tokio, 2001, 111–18.

Diamond, J., ‘Race without colour’, Discover, Vol. 15, No. 11, 1994: 82–89.

Dilke, O.A.W. and M.S. Dilke, ‘Vesuvius, August 79: First recorded eruption’, Geographical Magazine, Vol. 51, No. 51, 1979: 743–49.

Dittirick, J. and J.M. Suchey, ‘Sex determination of prehistoric central California skeletal remains using discriminant analysis of the femur and humerus’, American Journal of Physical Anthropology, Vol. 70, 1986: 3–9.

Dobbins, J.J., ‘Problems of chronology, decoration and urban design in the forum at Pompeii’, American Journal of Archaeology, Vol. 98, 1994: 629–94.

——‘The Pompeii Forum Project 1994–95’,in Sequence and Space in Pompeii, ed. Bon, S.E. and R. Jones. Oxford: Oxbow Monograph 77, 1997, 73–87.

——‘The forum and its dependencies’,in The World of Pompeii, ed. Dobbins, J.J. and P.W. Foss. London: Routledge, 2007, 150–83.

Dobzhansky, T., ‘On species and races of living and fossil man’, American Journal of Physical Anthropology, Vol. 2, 1944: 251–65.

Donlon, D., ‘The Value of Postcranial Nonmetric Variation in Studies of Global Populations in Modern Homo Sapiens’, unpublished PhD thesis. Armidale: University of New England, 1990.

D’Orta, P. and E. D’Orta., Come Visitare Pompei. Pompeii: Falanga, 1982.

Dow, S., ‘A century of humane archaeology’, Archaeology, Vol. 33, 1980: 42–51.

Drackett, P., The Book of Great Disasters. Berkshire: Purnell, 1977.

Dunnell, R.C., ‘Americanist archaeology: The 1979 contribution’, American Journal of Archaeology, Vol. 84, 1980: 463–78.

Dwyer, E., ‘From fragments to icons: Stages in the making and exhibiting of the casts of Pompeian victims, 1863–88’,in Interpreting Ceramics: Conference papers and presentations from the Fragmented Figure conference (Cardiff School of Art and Design on the 29th and 30th June 2005) (2005).

Dyer, T.H., Pompeii: Its History, Buildings and Antiquities. 2nd edn. London: George Bell & Sons, 1883.

Dyson, S.L., Community and Society in Roman Italy. Baltimore: Johns Hopkins University Press, 1992.

Eco, U., ‘A portrait of the Elder as a Young Pliny: How to build fame’,in On Signs, ed. Blonsky, M. (Oxford: Blackwell, 1985), 289–302.

Edwards, C., ‘The roads to Rome’,in Imagining Rome: British Artists and Rome in the Nineteenth Century, ed. Liversidge, M.J.H. and C. Edwards. London: Merrell Holberton, 1996, 8–19.

Eggen, S., B. Natvig and J. Gasemyr, ‘Variation in torus palatinus prevalence in Norway’, European Journal of Oral Sciences, Vol. 102, No. 1, 1994: 54–59.

Ehrhardt, W., Stilgeschichte Untersuchungen an Römischen Wandmalereien von der Späten Republik bis zur zeit Neros. Mainz am Rhein: Philip von Zabern, 1987.

Eisele, J.W., R.L. O’Halloran, D.T. Reay, G.R. Lindholm, L.V. Lewman and W.J. Brady, ‘Deaths during the May 18, 1980, eruption of Mt St Helens’, The New England Journal of Medicine, Vol. 305, No. 16, 1981: 931–36.

Eldridge, W.W. and G. Holm, ‘Incidence of hyperostosis frontalis interna in female patients admitted to a mental hospital’, American Journal of Roentgenology, Radium Therapy & Nuclear Medicine, Vol. 43, 1940: 356–59.

El-Najjar, M.Y. and G.L. Dawson, ‘The effect of artificial cranial deformation on the incidence of wormian bones in the lambdoidal suture’, American Journal of Physical Anthropology, Vol. 46, 1977: 155–60.

El-Najjar, M.Y. and K.R. McWilliams, Forensic Anthropology: The Structure, Morphology and Variation of Human Bone and Dentition. Springfield, Illinois: Charles C. Thomas, 1978.

Engelmann, W. New Guide to Pompeii. Leipzig: Wilhelm Engelmann, 1925.

Eschebach, H., L. Eschebach, and J. Adamiak, Pompeji: Erlebte Antike Welt. Leipzig: Seeman, VEB, 1978.

Etani, H., S.S. Yuichi, Y. Shigematsu and V. Iorio, ‘La campagna di scavo del Japan Institute of Palaeological Studies di Kyoto del 2002’, Opuscula Pompeiana, Vol. 12, 2004: 125–37.

Etienne, R., ‘L’Eruzione del 79’,in Pompei 79: Raccolta di Studi per il Decimonono Centenario dell’Eruzione Vesuviana, ed. Zevi, F. Naples: Gaetano Macchiarolo Editore, 1979, 289–92.

——Pompeii: The Day a City Died. Translated by Palmer, C. London: Thames & Hudson, 1992.

Feder, T. Great Treasures of Pompeii and Herculaneum. New York: Abbeville Press, 1978.

Feinberg, A. Human Anatomy 1: Muscular and Skeletal System. New York: Data Guide, 1958.

Ferembach, D., I. Schwidetzky and M. Stloukal. ‘Recommendations for age and sex diagnoses of skeletons (Workshop of European Anthropologists)’, Journal of Human Evolution, Vol. 9, No. 7, 1980: 517–49.

Fergola, L., ‘Oplontis’,in Storie da un’Eruzione: Pompeii, Ercolano, Oplontis, ed. d’Ambrosio, A., P.G. Guzzo and M. Mastroroberto. Milan: Electa, 2003, 152–64.

Ferguson, J., ‘The laboratory of racism’, New Scientist, Vol. 103 1984: 18–20.

Fernandez-Nogueras, F.J. and V.J. Fernandez-Nogueras, ‘The Stewart–Morel Syndrome in the differential diagnosis of patients with frontal headache’, Anales Ortorrinolaringologicos IberoAmericanos, Vol. 20, No. 4, 1993: 383–91.

Fforde, C., Collecting the Dead: Archaeology and the Reburial Issue. London: Duckworth, 2004.

Filer, J., Disease, Egyptian Bookshelf. London: British Museum, 1995.

Finnegan, M., ‘Non-metric variation of the infracranial skeleton’, Journal of Anatomy, Vol. 125, 1978: 23–37.

Finnegan, M. and K. Cooprider, ‘Empirical comparison of distance equations using discrete traits’, American Journal of Physical Anthropology, Vol. 49, 1978: 39–46.

Fiorelli, G., Gli Scavi di Pompei dal 1861 al 1872. Naples: Tipografica nel Liceo V. Emmanuele, 1873.

FitzGerald, C., S.R. Saunders, L. Bondioli, and R. Macchiarelli, ‘Health of infants in an Imperial Roman skeletal sample: Perspective from dental microstructure’, American Journal of Physical Anthropology, Vol. 130, 2006: 179–89.

Flury, B. and H. Riedwyl, Multivariate Statistics: A Practical Approach. London: Chapman & Hall, 1988.

Formicola, V., ‘Stature reconstruction from long bones in ancient population samples: An approach to the problem of its reliability’, American Journal of Physical Anthropology, Vol. 90, No. 3, 1993: 351–58.

Fornaciari, G. and F. Mellegni, ‘Palaenutritional studies on skeletal remains of ancient populations from the Mediterranean area: An attempt to [sic] interpretation’, Anthropologischer Anzeiger, Vol. 45, No. 4, 1987: 361–70.

France, D.L., ‘Osteometry at muscle origin and insertion in sex determination’, American Journal of Physical Anthropology, Vol. 76, 1988: 515–26.

Francis, K.J., ‘The Pompeian Bust Medallion’, unpublished MA thesis, Department of Archaeology. Sydney: University of Sydney, 1983.

Francis, P., ‘Vesuvius inquest: August 1979’, Geographical Magazine, Vol. 51, 1979: 750–55.

——Volcanoes: A Planetary Perspective. Oxford: Clarendon Press, 1993.

Frederikson, M. and N. Purcell, Campania. Rome: The British School at Rome, 1984.

Freeman, B., ‘Glossary of Histological and Microanatomical Terms Including Historical Origins and Eponyms’. Sydney: School of Anatomy, University of New South Wales, 2000.

Fürst, C.M., ‘Zur anthropologie der prähistorischen Griechen in Argolis’, Lunds Arsskrift, Vol. 26, No. 8, 1930: 130.

——‘Zur Kenntniss der anthropologie prähistorischen bevölkerung der Insel Cypern’, Lunds Arsskrift, Vol. 29, No. 6, 1933: 1–106.

Gannes, L.Z., D.M. O’Brien and C. Martinez del Rio, ‘Stable isotopes in animal ecology: Assumptions, caveats, and a call for more laboratory experiments’, Ecology, Vol. 78, No. 4, 1997: 1271–76.

García y García, L., Danni di Guerra a Pompei: Una Dolorosa Vicenda quasi Dimenticata. Vol. 15, Studi della Soprintendenza Archeologica di Pompei. Rome: ‘L’Erma’ di Bretschneider, 2006.

Garn, S.M. (ed.), Readings on Race. Springfield, Illinois: Charles C. Thomas, 1960.

——Human Races. 3rd edn. Springfield, Illinois: Charles C. Thomas, 1971.

Gautier, T., The Mummy’s Foot. Translated by De Sumichrast, F.C. 1901 edn. New York: C.T. Brainard.

——Romance of a Mummy. New York: C.T. Brainard, 1898.

——Arria Marcella: A Souvenir of Pompeii. Translated by De Sumichrast, F.C. New York: C.T. Brainard, 1901.

Gell, W., Pompeiana: The Topography, Edifices and Ornaments of Pompeii: The Results of Excavations since 1819. London: Jennings & Chaplin, 1832.

Gell, W. and J.P. Gandy, Pompeiana: The Topography, Edifices and Ornaments of Pompeii. 2nd edn. London: Rodwell & Martin, 1821.

Gendron, R., D. Grenier and L.F. Maheu-Robert, ‘The oral cavity as a reservoir of bacterial pathogens for focal infections’, Microbes and Infection, Vol. 2, No. 8, 2000: 897–906.

Genovés, S., ‘Sex determination in earlier man’,in Science in Archaeology: A Survey of Progress and Research, ed. Brothwell, D. and E. Higgs. London: Thames & Hudson, 1969a, 429–39.

——‘Estimation of age and mortality’,in Science in Archaeology: A Survey of Progress and Research, ed. Brothwell, D. and E. Higgs. London: Thames & Hudson, 1969b, 440–52.

Geraci, G., R. del Gaudio and R. di Giaimo, ‘Le analisi paleogenetiche’,in Vesuvio 79 AD: Vita e Morte ad Ercolano, ed. Petrone, P.P. and F. Fedele. Naples: Fredericiana Editrice Universitaria, 2002), 85–88.

Gershon-Cohen, J., H. Schraer and N. Blumberg. ‘Hyperostosis frontalis interna among the aged’, American Journal of Roentgenology, Radium Therapy & Nuclear Medicine, Vol. 73 1955: 396–97.

Giacomelli, L., A. Perrotta, R. Scandone and C. Scarpati, ‘The eruption of Vesuvius of _AD 79 and its impact on human environment in Pompeii’, Episodes, Vol. 26, No. 3, 2003: 234–38.

Giannecchini, M. and J. Moggi-Cecchi. ‘Stature in archeological samples from Central Italy: Methodological issues and diachronic changes’, American Journal of Physical Anthropology, Vol. 135, No. 3, 2008: 284–92.

Giannelli, G. (ed.), The World of Ancient Rome. London: Macdonald, 1963.

Gilbert, B.M. and T.W. McKern, ‘A method for aging the female os pubis’, American Journal of Physical Anthropology, Vol. 38, 1973: 31–38.

Gilfillan, S.C., ‘Lead poisoning and the fall of Rome’, Journal of Occupational Medicine, Vol. 7, 1965: 53–60.

Ginge, B., M.J. Becker and P. Guldager, ‘Of Roman extraction’, Archaeology, Vol. 42, No. 4, 1989: 34–37.

Giordano, C. and I. Kahn, The Jews in Pompeii, Herculaneum, Stabiae and in the Cities of Campania Felix. Napoli: Procaccini, 1979.

Giuntoli, S., Art and History of Pompeii. Translated by Pauli, E. Edited by Martinelli, M., Bonechi Art & History Collection. Florence: Casa Editrice Bonechi, 1995.

Glab, H., K. Szostek and K. Kaczanowski, ‘Hyperostosis frontalis interna, a genetic disease?: Two medieval cases from Southern Poland’, Homo: Journal of Comparative Human Biology, Vol. 57, No. 1, 2006: 19–27.

Gladykowska-Rzecyscka, J., ‘Is this a case of the Morgagni syndrome?’, Journal of Palaeopathology, Vol. 1, 1988: 109–12.

Goethe, J.W., Italian Journey (1786–1788). Translated by Auden, W.H. and E. Mayer. Middlesex: Penguin, 1970.

Goldstein, M.S., ‘The palaeopathology of human skeletal remains’,in Science in Archaeology: A Survey of Progress and Research, eds. Brothwell, D. and E. Higgs. London: Thames & Hudson, 1969, 480–89.

Goodman, A.H. and G.J. Armelagos, ‘Factors affecting the distribution of enamel hypoplasias within the human permanent dentition’, American Journal of Physical Anthropology, Vol. 68, 1985: 479–93.

Gore, R., ‘After 2000 years of silence: The dead do tell tales at Vesuvius’, National Geographic, Vol. 165, No. 5, 1984: 556–613.

Gould, S.J., ‘Morton’s ranking of races by cranial capacity: Unconscious manipulation of data may be a scientific norm’, Science, Vol. 200, No. 4341, 1978: 503–9.

——The Mismeasure of Man. Middlesex: Pelican, 1984.

——‘The geometer of race’, Discover, Vol. 15, No. 11, 1994: 65–69.

Grant, M., Cities of Vesuvius: Pompeii and Herculaneum. Middlesex: Penguin, 1976.

——Anatomy, Descriptive and Surgical. 15th edn. New York: Bounty Books, 1977.

Grant, M. and A. Mulas, Eros in Pompeii: The Erotic Art Collections of the Museum of Naples. New edn. New York: Stewart, Tabori & Chang, 1997.

Gravlee, C.C., H.R. Bernard and W.R. Leonard, ‘Boas’s changes in bodily form: The immigrant study, cranial plasticity, and Boas’s physical anthropology’, American Anthropologist, Vol. 105, No. 2, 2003: 326–32.

Gray, H., Anatomy, Descriptive and Surgical. Revised American from the 15th English edn. New York: Bounty Books, 1977.

Grayson, D.K. and P.D. Sheets, ‘Volcanic disasters and the archaeological record’,in Volcanic Activity and Human Ecology, ed. Sheets, P.D. and D.K. Grayson. New York: Academic Press, 1979, 623–32.

Greenberg, M.S., D.R. Westcott and S.E. Bailey, ‘When believing is seeing: The effect of scripts on eyewitness memory’, Law and Human Behavior, Vol. 22, No. 6, 1998: 685–94.

Grmek, M.D., Diseases in the Ancient Greek World. Translated by Muellner, M. and L. Muellner. Baltimore: Johns Hopkins University Press, 1989.

Gros, C., J.P. Walter, J. Girardie and A. Schmeltzer, ‘Écoulements mamelonnaires lactoides et endostose cranienne’, Journal de Radiologie, d‘Électrologie, et de Médecine Nucléaire, Vol. 46, No. 12, 1965: 827–34.

Grosskopf, B., ‘Individualaltersbestimmung mit hilfe von zuwachsringen im zement bodengelagerter menschlicher zähne’, Zeitschrift für Rechtsmedizin, Vol. 103, No. 5, 1990: 351–59.

Grosvenor, G.M., ‘An exciting year of discovery’, National Geographic, Vol. 162, No. 6, 1982: 820–21.

Grupe, G., ‘Impact of the choice of bone samples on trace element data in excavated human skeletons’, Journal of Archaeological Science, Vol. 15, 1988: 123–29.

Gualdi-Russo, E., M.A. Tasca, and P. Brasili, ‘Scoring of nonmetric cranial traits: A methodological approach’, Journal of Anatomy, Vol. 195, No. 4, 1999: 543–50.

Guarino, F.M., F. Angelini, C. Vollono and C. Orefice, ‘Bone preservation in human remains from the Terme del Sarno at Pompeii using light microscopy and scanning electron microscopy’, Journal of Archaeological Science, Vol. 33, 2006: 513–20.

Gurioli, L., M.T. Pareschi, E. Zanella, R. Lanza, E. Deluca and M. Bisso, ‘Interaction of pyroclastic density currents with human settlements: Evidence from ancient Pompeii’, Geology, Vol. 33, No. 6, 2005: 441–44.

Gusman, P., Pompei: The City, its Life and Art. Translated by Simmonds, F. and M. Jourdain. London: Heinemann, 1900.

Gustafson, G., Forensic Odontology. London: Staples Press, 1966.

Guzzo, P.G., A. D’Ambrosio and M. Mastroroberto (eds), Storie da un’Eruzione: Pompei, Ercolano, Oplontis: Guida alla Mostra. Milan: Electa, 2003.

Haddon, A.C., The Races of Man and Their Distribution. Halifax, Nova Scotia: Milner, 1912.

Haglund, W., ‘Forensic “art” in human identification’,in Craniofacial Identification in Forensic Medicine, ed. Clement, J.G. and D.L. Ranson. London: Arnold, 1998, 235–43.

Halffman, C.M. and J.D. Irish, ‘Palatine torus in the pre-conquest inhabitants of the Canary Islands’, Homo: Journal of Comparative Human Biology, Vol. 55, No. 1–2, 2004: 101–11.

Halffman, C.M., G.R. Scott and P.O. Pedersen, ‘Palatine torus in the Greenlandic Norse’, American Journal of Physical Anthropology, Vol. 88, No. 2, 1992: 145–61.

Hamilton, W., Observations on Mt Vesuvius, Mt Etna and Other Volcanoes in a Series of Letters Addressed To the Royal Society … To Which Are Added Notes by the Author, Hitherto Unpublished. London: Royal Society, 1774.

Hammond, N., ‘Ancient cities’, Scientific American, Vol. 5, No. 1: Special Issue, 1994: 4–9.

Hanihara, T. and H. Ishida, ‘Os incae: Variation in frequency in major human population groups’, Journal of Anatomy, Vol. 198, No. 2, 2001a: 137–52.

——‘Frequency variations of discrete cranial traits in major human populations. I. Supernumerary ossicle variations’, Journal of Anatomy, Vol. 198, No. 6, 2001b: 689–706.

Hanihara, T., H. Ishida and Y. Dodo, ‘Characterization of biological diversity through analysis of discrete cranial traits’, American Journal of Physical Anthropology, Vol. 121, No. 3, 2003: 241–51.

Hansell, A. and C. Oppenheimer, ‘Health hazards from volcanic gases: A systematic literature review’, Archives of Environmental Health, Vol. 59, No. 12, 2004: 628–39.

Hansell, A.L., C.J. Horwell and C. Oppenheimer, ‘The health hazards of volcanoes and geothermal areas’, Occupational & Environmental Medicine, Vol. 63, No. 2, 2006: 149–56.

Harman, M., T.I. Molleson and J.L. Price, ‘Burials, bodies and beheadings in Romano-British and Anglo-Saxon cemeteries’, Bulletin of the British Museum of Natural History (Geology), Vol. 35, No. 3, 1981: 145–88.

Harrison, G.A., J.S. Weiner, J.M. Tanner and N.A. Barnicot, Human Biology: An Introduction to Human Evolution and Growth. Oxford: Clarendon Press, 1964.

Hauser, G. and G.F. de Stefano, Epigenetic Variants of the Human Skull. Stuttgart: Schweizerbart, 1989.

Hauser, G., A. Vienna and G.F. de Stefano, ‘Epigenetic cranial traits in Etruscan skulls’, Anthropologie, Vol. 30, No. 1, 1992: 75–80.

Hay, J. Ancient China. London: Bodley Head, 1973.

Henneberg, M. and R. Henneberg, ‘Skeletal material from the house of C. Iulius Polybius in Pompei, 79 AD’,in La Casa di Giulio Polibio: Studi Interdisciplinari, ed. Ciarallo, A. and E. De Carolis. Pompei: Centro Studi arti Figurative, Università di Tokio, 2001, 79–92.

Henneberg, M. and R.J. Henneberg, ‘Reconstructing medical knowledge in ancient Pompeii from the hard evidence of bones and teeth (Presented at a conference at Deutsches Museum, Munich 21–22 March 2000)’,in Homo Faber: Studies in Nature, Technology and Science at the Time of Pompeii, ed. Renn, J. and G. Castagnetti. Rome: L’Erma di Bretschneider, 2002, 169–87.

Henneberg, M., R.J. Henneberg and A. Ciarallo, ‘Skeletal material from the house of C. Iulius Polybius in Pompeii, 79 AD’, Human Evolution, Vol. 11, No. 3, 1996: 249–59.

Henschen, F., Morgagni’s Syndrome: Hyperostosis Frontalis Interna, Virilismus, Obesitas. Edinburgh: Oliver & Boyd, 1949.

Herbet, D. and F. Bardossi, Kilauea: Case History of a Volcano. New York: Harper & Row, 1968.

Herrmann, N.P. and L.W. Konigsberg, ‘A re-examination of the age-at-death distribution of Indian Knoll’,in Paleodemography: Age Distributions from Skeletal Samples, ed. Hoppa, R.D. and J.W. Vaupel, Cambridge Studies in Biological and Evolutionary Anthropology. Cambridge: Cambridge University Press, 2002, 243–57.

Hershkovitz, I., C. Greenwald, B.M. Rothschild, B. Latimer, O. Dutour, L.M. Jellema and S. Wish-Baratz, ‘Hyperostosis frontalis interna: An anthropological perspective’, American Journal of Physical Anthropology, Vol. 109, 1999: 303–25.

Hicks, M., ‘Exhibiting human remains: A provocative seminar’,in Collected Papers from Exhibiting Human Remains, a Seminar on 12 May 2000. The Powerhouse Museum, Sydney: Health & Medicine Museums, 2001.

——‘Displaying the dead’, History Teachers’ Association of New South Wales, Vol. 40, No. 1, 2006: 30–32.

Higgins, V., ‘A preliminary analysis of some of the early medieval human skeletons from San Vincenzo al Volturno’,in San Vincenzo al Volturno: The Archaeology, Art and Territory of an Early Medieval Monastery, ed. Hodges, R. and J. Mitchell, B.A.R. International Series 252. Oxford: British School at Rome (BAR), 1985, 111–22.

——‘A model for assessing health patterns from skeletal remains’,in Burial Archaeology: Current Research, Methods and Developments, ed. Roberts, C.A., F. Lee and J. Bintliff, 211 Oxford: BAR, 1989, 175–204.

—— ‘Rural agricultural communities of the late Roman and early Medieval periods including a study of two skeletal groups from San Vincenzo al Volturno’, unpublished PhD thesis Sheffield: University of Sheffield, 1990.

Hillson, S., Teeth, Cambridge Manuals in Archaeology. Cambridge: Cambridge University Press, 1986.

——Dental Anthropology. Cambridge: Cambridge University Press, 1996.

Hoffman, A., A History of Dentistry. Translated by Koehler, H.M. Chicago, Illinois: Quintessence Publishing Co, 1981.

Holcomb, S.M.C. and L.W. Konigsberg. ‘Statistical study of sexual dimorphism in the human foetal sciatic notch’, American Journal of Physical Anthropology, Vol. 97, 1995: 113–25.

Holman, D.J., J.W. Wood and K.A. O’Connor, ‘Estimating age-at-death distributions from skeletal samples: Multivariate latent-trait approach’,in Paleodemography: Age Distributions from Skeletal Samples, ed. Hoppa, R.D. and J.W. Vaupel, Cambridge Studies in Biological and Evolutionary Anthropology. Cambridge: Cambridge University Press, 2002, 193–221.

Holt, C.A., ‘A re-examination of parturition scars on the human female pelvis’, American Journal of Physical Anthropology, Vol. 49, 1978: 91–94.

Hoppa, R.D., ‘Paleodemography: Looking back and thinking ahead’,in Paleodemography: Age Distributions from Skeletal Samples, ed. Hoppa, R.D. and J.W. Vaupel, Cambridge Studies in Biological and Evolutionary Anthropology. Cambridge: Cambridge University Press, 2002, 9–28.

Hoppa, R.D. and J.W. Vaupel (eds), Paleodemography: Age Distributions from Skeletal Samples Cambridge: Cambridge University Press, 2002.

——‘The Rostock Manifesto for paleodemography: The way from stage to age’,in Paleodemography: Age Distributions from Skeletal Samples, ed. Hoppa, R.D. and J.W. Vaupel, Cambridge Studies in Biological and Evolutionary Anthropology. Cambridge: Cambridge University Press, 2002, 1–8.

Houghton, P., ‘The relationship of the pre-auricular groove of the ilium to pregnancy’, American Journal of Physical Anthropology, Vol. 41, 1974: 381–89.

Howells, W.W., ‘The early Christian Irish: The skeletons at Gallen Priory’, Proceedings of the Royal Irish Academy, Vol. 46 (Section C), 1941: 103–219.

——‘Criteria for selection of osteometric dimensions’, American Journal of Physical Anthropology, Vol. 30, 1969: 451–57.

——‘The use of multivariate techniques in the study of skeletal populations’, American Journal of Physical Anthropology, Vol. 31, 1969: 311–14.

——Cranial Variation in Man: A Study by Multivariate Analysis of Patterns of Difference among Recent Populations. Vol. 67, Papers of the Peabody Museum of Archaeology and Ethnology. Cambridge, Massachusetts: Harvard University, 1973.

——Skull Shapes and the Map: Craniometric Analyses in the Dispersion of Modern Homo. Vol. 79, Papers of the Peabody Museum of Archaeology and Ethnology. Cambridge, Massachusetts: Harvard University, 1989.

Hrycek, A., B. Bloch and I. Szoltysik, ‘Morgagni–Stewart–Morel Syndrome in a young man’, Wiadomosci Lekarskie, Vol. 42, No. 19–21, 1989: 1060–63.

Huybers, J.A., ‘Within the enclosure at Pompeii: Some recent excavations’, The Nation, Vol. 101, No. 2635, 1915: 788.

Ikram, S. and A. Dodson, The Mummy in Ancient Egypt: Equipping the Dead for Eternity. London: Thames & Hudson, 1998.

Iscan, M.Y. and S.R. Loth, ‘Osteological manifestations of age in the adult’,in Reconstruction of Life from the Skeleton, ed. Iscan, M.Y. and K.A.R. Kennedy. New York: Alan R. Liss, 1989, 23–40.

Jackes, M.K., ‘Paleodemography: Problems and techniques’,in Skeletal Biology of Past Peoples: Research Methods, ed. Saunders, S.R. and M.A. Katzenberg. New York: Wiley-Liss, 1992, 189–224.

Jackson, R., ‘Roman doctors and their instruments: Recent research into ancient practice’, Journal of Roman Archaeology, Vol. 3, 1990: 5–27.

Jackson, R. and S. La Niece, ‘A set of Roman medical instruments from Italy’, Britannia, Vol. 17, 1986: 119–67.

Jacobssen, H. and M. Haverling, ‘Hyperostosis cranii: Radiography and scintigraphy compared’, Acta Radiologica, Vol. 29, 1998: 223–26.

Jaffe, H.L. Metabolic, Degenerative and Inflammatory Diseases of Bones and Joints. Philadelphia: Lea & Febiger, 1972.

Janssens, P.A., Palaeopathology: Diseases and Injuries of Prehistoric Man. London: Baker, 1970.

Jashemski, W.F., The Gardens of Pompeii, Herculaneum and the Villas Destroyed by Vesuvius. New York: Caratzas Brothers, 1979a.

——‘Pompeii and Mt Vesuvius AD 79’,in Volcanic Activity and Human Ecology, ed. Sheets, P. D. and D.K. Grayson. New York: Academic Press, 1979b, 587–622.

——‘The Vesuvian sites before AD 79: The archaeological, literary and epigraphical evidence’, in The Natural History of Pompeii, ed. Jashemski, W.F. and F.G. Meyer. Cambridge: Cambridge University Press, 2002, 6–28.

Jongman, W., ‘Gibbon was right: The decline and fall of the Roman economy’,in Crises and the Roman Empire. Proceedings of the Seventh Workshop of the International Network Impact of Empire (Nijmegen, June 20–24, 2006), ed. Hekster, O., G. de Kleijn and D. Slootjes. Leiden: Brill, 2007.

Jongman, W., P.W. De Neeve and H.W. Pleket (eds), The Economy and Society of Pompeii. Vol. 4, Dutch Monographs on Ancient History and Archaeology. Amsterdam: J.C. Gieber, 1988.

Judge, J., ‘On the slope of Vesuvius a buried town gives up its dead’, National Geographic, Vol. 162, No. 6, 1982: 686–93.

Junqueira, L.C.U., J. Carneiro and A.N. Contopoulos. Basic Histology. California: Lange Medical, 1975.

Kamminga, J. and R.V.S. Wright. ‘The upper cave at Zhoukoudian and the origins of the Mongoloids’, Journal of Human Evolution, Vol. 17, 1988: 739–67.

Kappers, C.U.A. and L.W. Parr, An Introduction to the Anthropology of the Near East in Ancient and Recent Times. Amsterdam: Noord-hollandsche uitgeversmaatschappij, 1934.

Kaszycka, K.A. and J. Strziko. ‘“Race”– Still an issue for physical anthropology? Results of Polish studies seen in the light of the US findings’, American Anthropologist, Vol. 105, No. 1, 2003: 116–24.

Katz, D. and J.M. Suchey, ‘Age determination of the male os pubis’, American Journal of Physical Anthropology, Vol. 69, 1986: 427–35.

Katzenberg, M.A. and R. White, ‘A paleodemographic analysis of os coxae from Ossossane Ossuary’, Canadian Review of Physical Anthropology, Vol. 1, 1979: 10–28.

Kayshap, V.K. and N.R. Koteswara Rao, ‘A modified Gustafson method of age estimation from teeth’, Forensic Science International, Vol. 47, No. 3, 1990: 237–47.

Kelley, M.A., ‘Phenice’s visual sexing technique for the os pubis: A critique’, American Journal of Physical Anthropology, Vol. 48, 1978: 121–22.

——‘Parturition and pelvic changes’, American Journal of Physical Anthropology, Vol. 51, 1979: 541–46.

Kellock, W.L. and P.A. Parsons, ‘Variation of minor non-metrical cranial variants in Australian Aborigines’, American Journal of Physical Anthropology, Vol. 32, 1970: 409–21.

Kemkes-Grottenthaler, A., ‘Aging through the ages: Historical perspectives on age indicator methods’,in Paleodemography: Age Distributions from Skeletal Samples, ed. Hoppa, R.D. and J. W. Vaupel, Cambridge Studies in Biological and Evolutionary Anthropology. Cambridge: Cambridge University Press, 2002, 48–72.

Kendall, M.G., A Course in Multivariate Analysis. London: Griffin, 1972.

Kennedy, G.E., ‘The relationship between auditory exostoses and cold water: A latitudinal analysis’, American Journal of Physical Anthropology, Vol. 71, 1986: 401–15.

Kennedy, K.A.R., ‘Skeletal markers of occupational stress’,in Reconstruction of Life from the Skeleton, ed. Iscan, M.Y. and K.A.R. Kennedy. New York: Alan R. Liss, 1989, 129–60.

Kerdpon, D. and S. Sirirungrojying, ‘A clinical study of oral tori in southern Thailand, prevalence and the relation to parafunctional activity’, European Journal of Oral Sciences, Vol. 107, No. 1, 1999: 9–13.

Kerley, E.R., ‘The microscopic determination of age in human bone’, American Journal of Physical Anthropology, Vol. 23, 1965: 149–64.

Kimball, J.W., Kimball’s Biology Pages: Hormones of the Reproductive System: Females (2008 July 29: latest update), http://users.rcn.com/jkimball.ma.ultranet/BiologyPages/S/SexHormones. html (accessed 30 July 2008).

King, A., ‘Mammals: Evidence from wall paintings, sculpture, mosaics, faunal remains and ancient literary sources’,in The Natural History of Pompeii, ed. Jashemski, W.F. and F.G. Meyer. Cambridge: Cambridge University Press, 2002, 401–50.

Kirkup, J. The Evolution of Surgical Instruments: An Illustrated History from Ancient Times to the Twentieth Century. Novato, California: Norman Publishing, 2006.

Kiss, C., T.W. O’Neill, M. Mituszova, M. Szilágyi, and G. Poór, ‘The prevalence of diffuse idiopathic skeletal hyperostosis in a population-based study in Hungary’, Scandinavian Journal of Rheumatology, Vol. 31, No. 4, 2002: 226–29.

Kiss, C., M. Szilágyi, A. Paksy, and G. Poór, ‘Risk factors for diffuse idiopathic skeletal hyperostosis: A case-control study’, Rheumatology, Vol. 41, No. 1, 2002: 27–30.

Knight, B., Forensic Pathology. 2nd edn. London: Arnold, 1996.

Koller, M.F., A. Papassotiropoulos, K. Henke, B. Behrends, S. Noda, A. Kratzer, C. Hock and M. Hofmann, ‘Evidence of a genetic basis of Morgagni–Stewart–Morel Syndrome: A case report of identical twins’, Neurodegenerative Diseases, Vol. 2, No. 2, 2005: 56–60.

Kollin, E. and T. Fehér, ‘Androgens, bone mineral content and hyperostosis frontalis interna in pre-menopausal women’, Experimental Clinical Endocrinology, Vol. 87, 1986: 211–14.

Konigsberg, L.W. and N.P. Herrmann, ‘Markov Chain Monte Carlo estimation of hazard model parameters in paleodemography’,in Paleodemography: Age Distributions from Skeletal Samples, ed. Hoppa, R.D. and J.W. Vaupel, Cambridge Studies in Biological and Evolutionary Anthropology. Cambridge: Cambridge University Press, 2002, 222–42.

Konigsberg, L.W., L.A.P. Kohn and J.M. Chevrud, ‘Cranial variation and nonmetric trait variation’, American Journal of Physical Anthropology, Vol. 90, 1993: 35–48.

Kosloski-Ostrow, A., The Sarno Bath Complex: Architecture in Pompeii’s Last Years. Monographie 4, Ministero per i Beni Culturali ed Ambientali, Soprintendenza Archeologia di Pompei. Rome: ‘L’Erma’ di Bretschneider, 1990.

Kowalski, C.J., ‘A commentary on the use of multivariate statistical methods in anthropometric research’, American Journal of Physical Anthropology, Vol. 36, 1972: 119–31.

Kozlowski, K. and P. Beighton, Gamut Index of Skeletal Dysplasias: An Aid to Radiodiagnosis. Berlin: Springer, 1984.

Krafft, M., Volcanoes: Fire from the Earth. Translated by Bahn, P.G. London: Thames & Hudson, 1993.

Kroeber, A.L., Anthropology: Race, Language, Culture, Psychology, Prehistory. 2nd edn. New York: Harcourt Brace, 1948.

Krogman, W.M., ‘The concept of race’,in The Science of Man in the World Crisis, ed. Linton, R. New York: Columbia University Press, 1945, 38–62.

——The Human Skeleton in Forensic Medicine. Springfield, Illinois: Charles C. Thomas, 1962.

Krogman, W.M. and M.Y. Iscan, The Human Skeleton in Forensic Medicine. 2nd edn. Springfield, Illinois: Charles, C. Thomas, 1986.

Kunze, J. and I. Nippert, Genetics and Malformations in Art. Berlin: Grosse, 1986.

Kunze, M., ‘Zu Winckelmann’s Schriften über Herkulaneum und Pompeji’,in Pompeji: 79– 1979: Beiträge Zum Vesuvausbruch und seiner Nachwirkung, ed. Kunze, M. Stendal: Beiträge der Winckelmann Gesellschaft, 1982, 25–39.

La Rocca, E., M. De Vos, and A. De Vos, Guida Archeologica di Pompei. 1st edn. Verona, Italy: Arnoldo Mondadori, 1976.

Langsjoen, O., ‘Diseases of the dentition’,in The Cambridge Encyclopedia of Human Paleopathology, ed. Aufderheide, A.C. and C. Rodriguez-Martin. Cambridge: Cambridge University Press, 1998, 393–412.

Lasker, G.W., Physical Anthropology. 2nd edn. New York: Holt, Rinehart & Winston, 1976.

Laurence, R., Roman Pompeii: Space and Society. London: Routledge, 1994.

Lazer, E., ‘The people of Pompeii’,in Pompeii Revisited: The Life and Death of a Roman Town, ed. Harrison, D. Sydney: Meditarch, 1994, 144–49.

——‘Human Skeletal Remains in Pompeii: Vols. I and II.’ unpublished PhD thesis, Department of Anatomy and Histology. Sydney: University of Sydney, 1995.

——‘Revealing secrets of a lost city’, The Medical Journal of Australia, Vol. 165, No. 11/12, 1996: 620–23.

——‘Pompeii _AD 79: A population in flux?’,in Sequence and Space in Pompeii, ed. Bon, S.E. and R. Jones. Oxford: Oxbow Monograph 77, 1997a, 102–20.

——‘Human skeletal remains in the Casa del Menandro: Appendix F’,in The Insula of the Menander at Pompeii, ed. Ling, R. Oxford: Clarendon Press, 1997b, 342–43.

——‘“Human skeletal remains in Pompeii: A physical anthropological study of the victims of the AD 79 eruption of Mt Vesuvius” in Abstracts from XV Congress of the International Federation of Associations of Anatomists and the 4th International Malpighi Symposium’, Italian Journal of Anatomy and Embryology, Vol. 104 (Supplement No.1) 1999: 388.

——Report on the Excavation of the Cadia Cemetery, Cadia Road, Cadia, NSW, 1997–98. Vol. 4: Skeletal Report: Unpublished report for Cadia Holdings. Orange, NSW: Edward Higginbotham & Associates, 2001.

——‘Resti umani scheletrici nella Casa del Menandro’,in Menander: La Casa del Menandro di Pompei, ed. Stefani, G. Milan: Electa, 2003, 64–69.

——‘Victims of the cataclysm’,in The World of Pompeii, ed. Foss, P.W. and J.J. Dobbins. London: Routledge, 2007.

Leppmann, W., Pompeii in Fact and Fiction. London: Elek, 1968.

Lichtenstein, L., Diseases of Bone and Joints. Saint Louis, Missouri: Mosby, 1970.

Lieberman, L., R.C. Kirk and A. Littlefield, ‘Exchange across difference: The status of the race concept – Perishing paradigm: Race – 1931–99’, American Anthropologist, Vol. 105, No. 1, 2003: 110–13.

Limeback, H., ‘The relationship between oral health and systemic infections among elderly residents of chronic care facilities: A review 1’, Gerodontology, Vol. 7, No. 3–4, 1988: 131–37.

Ling, R., ‘The Insula of the Menander at Pompeii: Interim report’, Antiquity Journal, Vol. 63, 1983: 34–57.

——‘La Casa del Menandro’,in Menander: La Casa del Menandro di Pompei, ed. Stefani, G. Milan: Electa, 2003, 10–45.

——Pompeii: History, Life and Afterlife. Stroud, Gloucestershire: Tempus, 2005.

Lirer, L., T. Pescatore, B. Booth, and G.L. Walker, ‘Two Plinian pumice-fall deposits from Somma-Vesuvius, Italy’, Geological Society of America Bulletin, Vol. 84, 1973: 759–72.

Lisowski, F.P., ‘Prehistoric and early trepanation’,in Diseases in Antiquity: A Survey of the Diseases, Injuries and Surgery of Early Populations, ed. Brothwell, D.R. and A.T. Sandison. Springfield, Illinois: Charles C. Thomas, 1967, 651–72.

Liversidge, H.M., ‘Accuracy of age estimation from developing teeth of a population of known age (0–5.4 years)’, International Journal of Osteoarchaeology, Vol. 4, 1994: 37–45.

Liversidge, M.J.H., ‘Representing Rome: Catalogue I’,in Imagining Rome: British Artists and Rome in the Nineteenth Century, ed. Liversidge, M.J.H. and C. Edwards. London: Merrell Holberton, 1996, 70–134.

Lorentsen, M. and T. Solheim, ‘Age assessment based on translucent dentine’, Journal of Forensic Odontostomatology, Vol. 7, No. 2, 1989: 3–9.

Love, B. and H.G. Müller, ‘A solution to the problem of obtaining a mortality schedule for paleodemographic data’,in Paleodemography: Age Distributions from Skeletal Samples, ed. Hoppa, R.D. and J.W. Vaupel, Cambridge Studies in Biological and Evolutionary Anthropology Cambridge: Cambridge University Press, 2002, 181–92.

Lovejoy, C.O., ‘Dental wear in the Libben population: Its functional pattern and role in the determination of adult skeletal age at death’, American Journal of Physical Anthropology, Vol. 68, 1985: 47–56.

Lovejoy, C.O., R.S. Meindl, R.P. Mensworth and T.J. Barton, ‘Multifactorial determination of skeletal age at death: A method and blind tests of its accuracy’, American Journal of Physical Anthropology, Vol. 68, 1985a: 1–14.

Lovejoy, C.O., R.S. Meindl, T.R. Pryzbeck and R.P. Mensworth, ‘Chronological metamorphosis of the auricular surface of the ilium: A new method for the determination of adult skeletal age at death’, American Journal of Physical Anthropology, Vol. 68, 1985b: 15–28.

Lullies, R. and W. Schiering, Archäologenbildnisse: Porträts und Kurzbiograhien von Klassischen Archäologen Deutscher Sprache. Zabern: Verlag, 1988.

Luongo, G., A. Perrotta and C. Scarpati, ‘Impact of the AD 79 explosive eruption on Pompeii, I: Relations amongst the depositional mechanisms of the pyroclastic products, the framework of the buildings and the associated destructive events’, Journal of Volcanology and Geothermal Research, Vol. 126, No. 3–4, 2003a: 201–23.

Luongo, G., A. Perrotta, C. Scarpati, E. De Carolis, G. Patricelli and A. Ciarallo, ‘Impact of the AD 79 explosive eruption on Pompeii, II: Causes of death of the inhabitants inferred by stratigraphic analysis and areal distribution of the human casualties’, Journal of Volcanology and Geothermal Research, Vol. 126, No. 3–4, 2003b: 169–200.

MacKenzie, W.M.C., Pompeii: Painted by Alberto Pisa. London: A. & C. Black, 1910.

MacLaughlin, S.M. and M.F. Bruce, ‘A simple univariate technique for determining sex from fragmentary femora: Its application to a Scottish short cist population’, American Journal of Physical Anthropology, Vol. 67, 1985: 413–17.

Maiuri, A., La Casa del Menandro e il Suo Tesoro di Argenteria. Rome: La Libreria dello Stato, 1933.

——Pompei. 2nd edn. Novara, Italy: Istituto Geografico de Agostini, 1943.

——‘Last moments of the Pompeians’, National Geographic, Vol. 120, 1961: 651–69.

——Pompeii: The New Excavations, the Villa dei Misteri, the Antiquarium. Translated by Priestley, V. 7th edn. Rome: Istituto Poligrafico dello Stato, 1962.

——‘Pompeii (Reprinted from 1958 issue)’, Scientific American, Vol. Special Issue 1994: 78–85.

Majno, G., The Healing Hand: Man and Wound in the Ancient World. 1991 edn. Cambridge, Massachusetts: Harvard University Press, 1975.

Manchester, K., The Archaeology of Disease. Bradford: University of Bradford, 1983.

Manly, B.F.J., Multivariate Statistical Methods: A Primer. London: Chapman & Hall, 1986.

Margetts, E.L., ‘Trepanation of the skull by the medicine men of primitive cultures, with particular reference to present-day native East African practice’,in Diseases in Antiquity: A Survey of the Diseases, Injuries and Surgery of Early Populations, ed. Brothwell, D.R. and A.T. Sandison. Springfield, Illinois: Charles C. Thomas, 1967, 673–701.

Martin, L.D., A.H. Goodman, G.J. Armelagos and A.L. Magennis, Black Mesa Anasazi Health: Reconstructing Life from Patterns of Death and Disease. Vol. 14, Occasional Paper Carbonale, Illinois: Center for Archaeological Investigations: Southern Illinois University at Carbondale, 1991.

Martin, R. and K. Saller, Lehrbuch der Anthropologie in Systematischer Darstellung mit Besonderer Berucksichtigung der Anthropologischen Methoden. Vol. 2. Stuttgart: Fisher, 1959.

Massa, A., The World of Pompeii. London: Routledge, 1972.

Mastrolorenzo, G. and P.P. Petrone, ‘Nuove evidenze sugli effetti dell’eruzione del 79d.C. ad Ercolano da ricerche biogeoarcheologiche’, Forma Urbis, Vol. 10, No. 3: Edizione speciale: La rinascita di Ercolano, 2005: 31–34.

Mastrolorenzo, G., P.P. Petrone, M. Pagano, A. Icoronato, P.J. Baxter, A. Canzanella and L. Fattore, ‘Archaeology: Herculaneum victims of Vesuvius in AD 79’, Nature, Vol. 410, No. 6830, 2001: 769–70.

Mau, A., Pompeii: Its Life and Art. Translated by Kelsey, F.W. 1907 edn. London: Macmillan, 1907.

Maulucci, F.P., Pompeii. Naples: Carcavallo, 1987.

Mays, S., The Archaeology of Human Bones. London: Routledge, 1998.

McGeorge, P.J.P., ‘The interpretation of social structure through the analysis of non-metrical skeletal variation in the LM III population at Armenoi Rethymnon, Abstract’,in Future Directions in Greek Archaeology Conference, 28th–30th August, ed. Renfrew, A.C. and A.M. Snodgrass. Cambridge: Cambridge University Press, 1986.

McKern, S.S. and T.W. McKern, Living Prehistory: An Introduction to Physical Anthropology and Archaeology. California: Cummings, 1974.

McKern, T.W. and T.D. Stewart, ‘Skeletal Age Changes in Young American Males Analysed from the Standpoint of Age Identification: Technical Report EP-45’, Natick, Massachusetts: Headquarter Quarter Master Research and Development Command, 1957.

MedicineNet, Definition of Relaxin (2000 8 June: latest update); from MedicineNet.com: Online Medical Dictionary and Glossary, http://www.medterms.com/script/main/art.asp?articlekey=1 3411 (accessed 30 July 2008).

Meindl, R.S. and C.O. Lovejoy, ‘Ectocranial suture closure: A revised method for the determination of skeletal age at death based on the lateral-anterior sutures’, American Journal of Physical Anthropology, Vol. 68, 1985: 57–66.

Meindl, R.S., C.O. Lovejoy, R.P. Mensforth and R.A. Walker, ‘A revised method of age determination using the os pubis, with a review and tests of accuracy of other current methods of pubic symphyseal aging’, American Journal of Physical Anthropology, Vol. 68, No. 1, 1985: 29–45.

Merbs, C.F., ‘Trauma’,in Reconstruction of Life from the Skeleton, ed. Iscan, M.Y. and K.A.R. Kennedy. New York: Alan R. Liss, 1989, 161–89.

Meyer, D.H. and P.M. Fives-Taylor, ‘Oral pathogens: from dental plaque to cardiac disease’, Current Opinion in Microbiology, Vol. 1, No. 1, 1998: 88–95.

Miles, A.E.W., ‘Assessment of the ages of a population of Anglo-Saxons from their dentitions’, Proceedings of the Royal Society of Medicine, Vol. 55, 1962: 881–86.

——‘Teeth as an indicator of age in man’,in Development, Function and Evolution of Teeth, ed. Butler, P.M. and K.A. Joysey. New York: Academic Press, 1978, 455–64.

Mittler, D.M. and D.P. van Gerven, ‘Developmental, diachronic, and demographic analysis of cribra orbitalia in the medieval Christian populations of Kulubnarti’, American Journal of Physical Anthropology, Vol. 93, 1994: 287–97.

Molleson, T., M. Cox, A.H. Waldron and D.K. Whittaker, The Spitalfields Project. Vol. 2: The Anthropology: The Middling Sort, Council for British Archaeology Research Report 86. York, UK: Council for British Archaeology, 1993.

Molleson, T.I., ‘The archaeology and anthropology of death: What the bones tell us’,in Mortality and Immortality: The Anthropology and Archaeology of Death, ed. Humphreys, S.C. and H. King. London: Academic Press, 1981, 15–32.

——‘Urban bones: The skeletal evidence for environmental change’,in Actes des Troisièmes Journées Anthropologiques de Valbonne, Notes et Monographies Techniques. Paris: Editions du CNRS, 1987, 143–58.

——, ‘Social implications of mortality patterns of juveniles from Poundbury Camp, Romano– British Cemetery’, Anthropologischer Anzeiger, Vol. 47, 1989: 27–38.

Molloy, J., L.F. Wolff, A. Lopez-Guzman, and J.S. Hodges, ‘The association of periodontal disease parameters with systemic medical conditions and tobacco use’, Journal Of Clinical Periodontology, Vol. 31, No. 8, 2004: 625–32.

Molnar, S., Races, Types and Ethnic Groups: The Problems of Human Variation. New Jersey: Prentice-Hall, 1975.

Monnier, M., The Wonders of Pompeii by Marc Monnier (Project Gutenberg, 2005/12/12 Release date), http://www.gutenberg.org/etext/17290 (accessed 4 July 2006).

Moore, S., Hyperostosis Cranii (Stewart–Morel Syndrome, Metabolic Craniopathy, Morgagni’s Syndrome, Stewart–Morel–Moore Syndrome (Ritvo), le Syndrome de Morgagni–Morel). Springfield, Illinois: Charles C. Thomas, 1955.

Moorman, E.M., ‘Literary evocations of ancient Pompeii’,in Tales from an Eruption: Pompeii, Herculaneum, Oplontis: Guide to the Exhibition, ed. Guzzo, P.G. Milan: Electa, 2003, 14–33.

Morant, G.M., The Races of Europe. London: Allen & Unwin, 1939.

Moroney, M.J., Facts from Figures. 1st edn. Middlesex: Penguin, 1955.

Morton, S.G., Crania Americana or, a Comparative View of the Skulls of Various Aboriginal Nations of North and South America. Philadelphia: John Pennington, 1839.

—— Crania Aegyptiaca; or Observations on Egyptian Ethnography Derived from Anatomy, History and the Monuments. Philadelphia: John Pennington, 1844.

Moscati, S., ‘Pompeii: The resurrection of a city’,in Vanished Civilizations, ed. Readers’ Digest Association. Sydney: Readers’ Digest, 1983.

Moss, M.L. ‘The pathogenesis of artificial cranial deformation’, American Journal of Physical Anthropology, Vol. 16, 1958: 269–86.

Mulhern, D.M., C.A. Wilczak and J.C. Dudar, ‘Brief communication: Unusual finding at Pueblo Bonito: Multiple cases of hyperostosis frontalis interna’, American Journal of Physical Anthropology, Vol. 130, No. 4, 2006: 480–84.

Nappo, S.C., ‘Il rinvenimento delle vittime dell’eruzione del 79 d.C. nella Regio 1 insula 22’, Hydria, Vol. 63, No. 19, 1992: 16–18.

Neidburger, E.J. ‘Enamel hypoplasias: Poor indicators of dietary stress’, American Journal of Physical Anthropology, Vol. 82, 1990: 231–32.

Néret, G. (ed.), Napoleon and the Pharaohs: Description of Egypt. Cologne: Taschen, 2001.

Neumann, K., Rabaul: Yu Swit Moa Yet: Surviving the 1994 Volcanic Eruption. Oxford: Oxford University Press, 1996.

Nicolucci, G., ‘Crania Pompeiana: Descrizione de’ crani umani rinvenuti fra le ruine dell’ antica Pompei’, Atti della R. Accademia delle Scienze Fisiche e Matematiche, Vol. 9, No. 10, 1882: 1–26.

Nolan, M.L., ‘Impact of paricutin on five communities’,in Volcanic Activity and Human Ecology, ed. Sheets, P.D. and D.K. Grayson. New York: Academic Press, 1979, 293–338.

Oliver, G., Practical Anthropology. Springfield, Illinois: Charles C. Thomas, 1969.

O’Reilly, P.G. and N.M. Claffey, ‘A history of oral sepsis as a cause of disease’, Periodontology 2000, Vol. 23, No. 1, 2000: 13–18.

Oriente, P., A. Del Puente, A. Lorizio and A. Brunetti, ‘Studio della densità minerale ossea negli scheletri di età Romana rinvenuti in Pompei nella Casa di Polibio’,in La Casa di Giulio Polibio: Studi Interdisciplinari, ed. Ciarallo, A. and E. De Carolis. Pompei: Centro Studi arti Figurative, Università di Tokio, 2001, 107–10.

Ortner, D.J., Identification of Pathological Conditions in Human Skeletal Remains. 2nd edn. San Diego: Academic Press, 2003.

Ortner, D.J. and W.G.J. Putschar, Identification of Pathological Conditions in Human Skeletal Remains. Vol. 28, Smithsonian Contributions to Anthropology. Washington: Smithsonian Institution Press, 1981.

Osborne, D., ‘The archaeological determination of diet and natural resources and the case for cooperation’, American Journal of Physical Anthropology, Vol. 30, 1969: 439–42.

Ossenberg, N.S., ‘The influence of artificial cranial deformation on discontinuous morphological traits’, American Journal of Physical Anthropology, Vol. 33, 1970: 357–71.

Owings Webb, P.A. and J.M. Suchry, ‘Epiphyseal union of the anterior iliac crest and the medial clavicle in a modern multiracial sample of American males and females’, American Journal of Physical Anthropology, Vol. 68, 1985: 457–66.

Pagano, M., ‘L’antica Ercolano’,in Vesuvio 79 _AD: Vita e Morte ad Ercolano, ed. Petrone, P.P. and F. Fedele. Naples: Fredericiana Editrice Universitaria, 2002, 55–66.

——‘I calchi in archeologia: Ercolano e Pompei’,in Storie da un’Eruzione: Pompei, Ercolano, Oplontis: Guida alla Mostra, ed. d’Ambrosio, A., P.G. Guzzo and M. Mastroroberto. Milan: Electa, 2003, 122–23.

Pain, S., ‘Pompeii’s electronic guide’, New Scientist, Vol. 1815, 1992: 22–23.

Paine, R.R. and J.L. Boldsen, ‘Linking age-at-death distributions and ancient population dynamics’,in Paleodemography: Age Distributions from Skeletal Samples, ed. Hoppa, R.D. and J. W. Vaupel. Cambridge: Cambridge University Press, 2002, 169–80.

Pal, G.P., B.P. Tamankar, R.V. Routal and S.S. Bhagwat, ‘The ossification of the membranous part of the squamous occipital bone in man’, Journal of Anatomy, Vol. 138, 1984: 259–66.

Pappalardo, U., ‘L’eruzione pliniana del Vesuvio nel 79 d.C.: Ercolano’,in Volcanology and Archaeology, ed. Albore Livadie, C. and F. Widerman. Strasburg: Council of Europe, 1900, 197–215.

Pardoe, C., ‘Prehistoric Human Morphological Variation in Australia’, unpublished PhD thesis. Canberra: Australian National University, 1984.

Parkin, T.G., Demography and Roman Society. Baltimore: Johns Hopkins University Press, 1992.

——Old Age in the Roman World: A Cultural and Social History. Baltimore: Johns Hopkins University Press, 2003.

Parslow, C.C., Rediscovering Antiquity: Karl Weber and the Excavation of Herculaneum, Pompeii and Stabiae. Cambridge: Cambridge University Press, 1995.

Patrik, L.E., ‘Is there an archaeological record?’,in Advances in Archaeological Method and Theory, ed. Schiffer, M.B. Orlando, Florida: Academic Press, 1985), 27–62.

Pawlikowski, M. and J. Komorowski, ‘Hyperostosis frontalis interna and the Morgagni– Stewart–Morel Syndrome’, Lancet, Vol. 1, No. 8322, 1983: 474.

Pellegrino, C., Ghosts of Vesuvius: A New Look at the Last Days of Pompeii, How Towers Fall, and Other Strange Connections. New York: William Morrow, 2004.

Pereira, A., Naples, Pompeii and Southern Italy. London: Batsford, 1977.

Perl, G., ‘Pompeji-geschichte und untergang’,in Pompeji: 79–1979: Beiträge Zum Vesuvausbruch und seiner Nachwirkung, ed. Kunze, M. Stendal: Beiträge der Winckelmann Gesellschaft, 1982, 9–24.

Pesando, F., ‘Shadows of light: Cinema, peplum and Pompeii’,in Tales from an Eruption: Pompeii, Herculaneum, Oplontis: Guide to the Exhibition, ed. Guzzo, P.G. Milan: Electa, 2003, 34–45.

Petrone, P.P., ‘Le Vittime dell’Eruzione del 79 AD’,in Storie da un’Eruzione: Pompei, Ercolano, Oplontis: Guida alla Mostra, ed. d’Ambrosio, A., P.G. Guzzo and M. Mastroroberto. Milan: Electa, 2003, 31–44.

——‘Le vittime dell’eruzione del 79 AD’,in Storie da un’Eruzione: Pompei, Ercolano, Oplontis: Guida alla Mostra, Atti della Tavola Rotonda, Napoli, 2003, Associazione Internazionale Amici di Pompei, Dipartimento di Discipline Storiche, Università degli Studi di Napoli Federico II, ed. Guzzo, P.G. Pompei: Litografia Sicignano, 2005, 31–44.

Petrone, P.P., A. Coppa and L. Fattore, ‘La popolazione di Ercolano’,in Vesuvio 79 AD: Vita e Morte ad Ercolano, ed. Petrone, P.P. and F. Fedele. Naples: Fredericiana Editrice Universitaria, 2002a, 67–73.

Petrone, P.P., L. Fattore and V. Monetti, ‘Alimentazione e malattie ad Ercolano’,in Vesuvio79 AD: Vita e Morte ad Ercolano, ed. Petrone, P.P. and F. Fedele. Naples: Fredericiana Editrice Universitaria, 2002b, 75–83.

Pfeiffer, S., ‘Assignment of sex to adult femora from an ossuary population’, Canadian Review of Physical Anthropology, Vol. 1, 1979: 55–62.

——‘Comparison of adult age estimation techniques using an ossuary sample’, Canadian Review of Physical Anthropology, Vol. 4, No. 1, 1985: 21–25.

——‘Morbidity and mortality in the Uxbridge Ossuary’, Canadian Review of Physical Anthropology, Vol. 5, 1986: 23–31.

Pheasant, S., Bodyspace: Anthropology, Ergonomics and Design. London: Taylor & Francis, 1986.

——Ergonomic Standards and Guidelines for Design. Milton Keynes: British Standards Institution, 1987.

Phenice, T.W., ‘A newly developed visual method of sexing the os pubis’, American Journal of Physical Anthropology, Vol. 30, 1967: 297–301.

Plueckhahn, V.D., Ethics, Legal Medicine and Forensic Pathology. Carlton, Victoria: Melbourne University Press, 1983.

Pollard, A.H., Introductory Statistics: A Service Course. 2nd edn. Rushcutters Bay, NSW: Pergamon (Australia), 1972.

Prettejohn, E., ‘Recreating Rome in Victorian painting: From history to genre’,in Imagining Rome: British Artists and Rome in the Nineteenth Century, ed. Liversidge, M.J.H. and C. Edwards. London: Merrell Holberton, 1996a, 54–69.

——‘Recreating Rome: Catalogue II’,in Imagining Rome: British Artists and Rome in the Nineteenth Century, ed. Liversidge, M.J.H. and C. Edwards. London: Merrell Holberton, 1996b, 125–70.

Pringle, H. The Mummy Congress: Science, Obsession, and the Everlasting Dead. London: Fourth Estate, 2001.

Prowse, T.L., H.P. Schwarcz, S. Saunders, R. Macchiarelli and L. Bondioli, ‘Isotopic paleodiet studies of skeletons from the Imperial Roman-age cemetery of Isola Sacra, Rome, Italy’, Journal of Archaeological Science, Vol. 31, No. 3, 2004: 259–72.

Prowse, T.L., H.P. Schwarcz, S.R. Saunders, R. Macchiarelli, and L. Bondioli. ‘Isotopic evidence for age-related variation in diet from Isola Sacra, Italy’, American Journal of Physical Anthropology, Vol. 128, 2005: 2–13.

Puech-Rochette, M., C. Serratrice and F.F. Leek, ‘Tooth wear as observed on ancient Egyptian skulls’, Journal of Human Evolution, Vol. 12, 1983: 617–29.

Punongbayan, R.S. and R.I. Tilling, ‘Some recent case histories’,in Volcanic Hazards, ed. Tilling, R.I., Short Course in Geology. Washington DC American Geophysical Union, 1989, 81–101.

Raoul-Rochette, M. and M. Roux, Choix de Peintures de Pompéi: Lithographiées en Couleur par M. Roux et Publiées avec l’Explication Archéologique de Chaque Peinture. Paris: Adolphe Labitte, 1867.

Reiche, I., L. Favre-Quattropani, T. Calligaro, J. Salomon, H. Bocherens, L. Charlet and M. Menu, ‘Trace element composition of archaeological bones and post-mortem alteration in the burial environment’, Nuclear Instruments and Methods in Physics Research B, Vol. 150, 1999: 656–62.

Renfrew, C. and P. Bahn, Archaeology: Theory, Methods and Practice. London: Thames & Hudson, 1991.

Richards, M.P., R.E.M. Hedges, T.I. Molleson and J.C. Vogel, ‘Stable isotope analysis reveals variations in human diet at the Poundbury Camp Cemetery Site’, Journal of Archaeological Science, Vol. 25, No. 12, 1998: 1247–52.

Richardson, L., ‘Life as it appeared when Vesuvius engulfed Pompeii’, Smithsonian, Vol. 9, No. 1, 1978: 84–93.

——Pompeii: An Architectural History. Baltimore: Johns Hopkins University Press, 1988.

Ripley, W.Z., The Races of Europe: A Sociological Study. London: Kegan Paul, 1899.

Roberts, C., ‘Trauma and treatment in the British Isles in the historic period: A design for multidisciplinary research’,in Human Palaeopathology: Current Syntheses and Future Options, ed. Ortner, D.J. and A.C. Aufderheide. Washington, DC: Smithsonian Institution Press, 1991, 225–40.

Roberts, C. and K. Manchester, The Archaeology of Disease. 2nd edn. Ithaca, New York: Cornell University Press, 1995.

Roberts, C.A., ‘A view from afar: Bioarchaeology in Britain’,in Bioarchaeology: The Contextual Analysis of Human Remains, ed. Buikstra, J.E. and L.A. Beck. Amsterdam: Academic Press, 2006, 417–39.

Robinson, M.A., ‘Fosse, piccole fosse e peristili a Pompei’,in Nuove ricerche archeologiche a Pompei ed Ercolano, ed. Guzzo, P.G. and M.P. Guidobaldi. Naples: Electa, 2005, 109–19.

Rocco, T., ‘The Villa of Diomedes’,in Tales from an Eruption: Pompeii, Herculaneum, Oplontis: Guide to the Exhibition, ed. Guzzo, P.G. Milan: Electa, 2003a, 92–94.

——‘The Quadriporticus of the theatres (VIII, 7, 16–17)’,in Tales from an Eruption: Pompeii, Herculaneum, Oplontis: Guide to the Exhibition, ed. Guzzo, P.G. Milan: Electa, 2003b, 99–102.

Rogers, J. and T. Waldron, ‘DISH and the monastic way of life’, International Journal of Osteoarchaeology, Vol. 11, 2001.

Rogers, J., T. Waldron, P. Dieppe and I. Watt, ‘Arthropathies in palaeopathology: The basis of classification according to most probable cause’, Journal of Archaeological Science, Vol. 14, 1987: 179–93.

Rosci, M., Leonardo. New York: Mayflower Books, 1981.

Rose, H.J., A Handbook of Greek Mythology. New York: Dutton, 1959/1928.

Rosi, M. and R. Santacroce, ‘L’eruzione di Pompei del 79 d.C.’,in Tremblements de Terre, Éruptions Volcaniques et Vie des Hommes dans la Campanie Antique, ed. Albore Livadie, C. Naples: Publications du Centre Jean Berard, 1986, 24–26.

Rösing, F.W., ‘Sexing immature human skeletons’, Journal of Human Evolution, Vol. 12, 1983: 149–55.

——‘Discreta of the human skeleton: A critical review’, Journal of Human Evolution, Vol. 13, 1984: 319–23.

Rothschild, B., ‘Porotic hyperostosis as a marker of health and nutritional conditions’, American Journal of Human Biology, Vol. 14, No. 4, 2002: 417–18.

Rothschild, B.M., F.J. Rühli, J. Sebes, V. Naples and M. Billard, Relationship between porotic hyperostosis and cribra orbitalia? (2004); from PaleoBios, http://anthropologie-et-paleopatholo gie.univ-lyon1.fr/ (accessed 4 April 2005).

Rubin, P., Dynamic Classification of Bone Dysplasias. Chicago: Year Book Medical Publishers, 1972/1964.

Rubini, M., ‘Biological homogeneity and familial segregation in the Iron Age population of Alfedena (Abruzzo, Italy), based on cranial discrete traits analysis’, International Journal of Osteoarchaeology, Vol. 6, No. 5, 1996: 454–62.

Rubini, M., E. Bonafede and S. Mogliazza, ‘The population of East Sicily during the second and first millennium BC: The problem of the Greek colonies’, International Journal of Osteoarchaeology, Vol. 9, No. 1, 1999: 8–17.

Rubini, M., E. Bonafede, S. Mogliazza and L. Moreschini, ‘Etruscan Biology: The Tarquinian population seventh to second century BC (Southern Etruria, Italy)’, International Journal of Osteoarchaeology, Vol. 7, No. 3, 1997: 202–11.

Rubini, M., S. Mogliazza and R.S.T. Corruccini, ‘Biological divergence and equality during the first millennium _BC in human populations of Central Italy’, American Journal of Human Biology, Vol. 19, No. 1, 2007: 119–31.

Rühli, F.J., T. Böni and M. Henneberg, ‘Hyperostosis frontalis interna: Archaeological evidence of possible microevolution of human sex steroids?’, Homo: Journal of Comparative Human Biology, Vol. 55, No. 1–2, 2004: 91–99.

Rühli, F.J. and M. Henneberg, ‘Are hyperostosis frontalis interna and leptin linked? A hypothetical approach about hormonal influence on human microevolution’, Medical Hypotheses, Vol. 58, No. 5, 2002: 378–81.

Russell, J.C., The Control of Late Ancient and Medieval Population. Philadelphia: The American Philosophical Society, 1985.

Sadler, T.W., Langman’s Medical Embryology. 10th edn. Philadelphia: Lippincott Williams & Wilkins, 2006.

Salmi, A., A. Voutilainen, L.R. Holsti and C.-E. Unnerus, ‘Hyperostosis cranii in a normal population’, American Journal of Roentgenology, Radium Therapy & Nuclear Medicine, Vol. 87, 1962: 1032–40.

Saunders, J.B.d.C.M. and C.D. O’Malley, The Anatomical Drawings of Andreas Vesalius. New York: Bonanza Books, 1982.

Saunders, S.R., ‘Nonmetric skeletal variation’,in Reconstruction of Life from the Skeleton, ed. Iscan, M.Y. and K.A.R. Kennedy. New York: Alan R. Liss, 1989, 95–108.

Schefold, K., Die Wände Pompejis. Berlin: Topographisches Verzeichnis der Bildemotive, 1957.

——‘Die bedeutung der malerei Pompejis’,in Pompejanische Wandmalerei, ed. Cerulli Irelli, G., M. Aoyagi and D. Stefano. Zurich: Belser, 1990, 107–14

Scheuer, L. and S. Black, The Juvenile Skeleton. Amsterdam: Elsevier, 2004.

Schiering, W., ‘Johann Joachim Winckelmann’,in Archäologenbildnisse: Porträits und Kurzbiographien von Klassischen Archäologen Deutscher Sprache mit Beiträgen Zahlreichen Fachgenossen Herausgegeben, ed. Lullies, R. and W. Schiering. Mainz: Philipp von Zabern, 1988, 5–7.

Schiffer, M.B., ‘Is there a “Pompeii Premise” in archaeology?’, Journal of Anthropological Research, Vol. 41, 1985: 18–41.

——Formation Processes of the Archaeological Record. Albuquerque, New Mexico: University of New Mexico, 1987.

Schutkowski, H., ‘Sex determination of infant and juvenile skeletons: 1. Morphognostic features’, American Journal of Physical Anthropology, Vol. 90, 1993: 199–205.

Schwarcz, H.P. and M.J. Schoeninger, ‘Stable isotope analyses in human nutritional ecology’, Yearbook of Physical Anthropology, Vol. 34, No. S13, 1991: 283–321.

Scobie, A., ‘Slums, sanitation, and mortality in the Roman world’, Klio, Vol. 68, No. 2, 1986: 399–433.

Scott, G.R. and C.G. Turner, The Anthropology of Modern Human Teeth: Dental Morphology and Its Variation in Recent Human Populations. Cambridge: Cambridge University Press, 1997.

Scott, J.H. and N.B.B. Symons, Introduction to Dental Anatomy. 7th edn. Edinburgh: Churchill Livingstone, 1974.

Scott, W.E., ‘Volcanic and related hazards’,in Volcanic Hazards, ed. Tilling, R.I., Short Course in Geology, Washington DC: American Geophysical Union, 1989, 9–23.

Sekla, B. and F. Soukup, ‘Inheritance of the cephalic index’, American Journal of Physical Anthropology, Vol. 30, 1969: 137–40.

Sheets, P.D., ‘Environmental and cultural effects of the Ilopango eruption in Central America’,in Volcanic Activity and Human Ecology, ed. Sheets, P.D. and D.K. Grayson (New York: Academic Press, 1979), 525–64.

Sheridan, M.F. and F. Barberi (eds), Explosive Volcanism, Amsterdam: Elsevier, 1983.

Shipman, P., The Evolution of Racism: Human Differences and the Use and Abuse of Science. New York: Simon & Schuster, 1994.

Shipman, P., A. Walker and D. Bichell, The Human Skeleton. Cambridge, Massachusetts: Harvard University Press, 1985.

Sica, M., S. Aceto, A. Genovese and L. Gaudio, ‘Analysis of five ancient equine skeletons by mitochondrial DNA sequencing’, Ancient Biomolecules, Vol. 4, No. 4, 2002: 179–84.

Sigurdsson, H., Melting the Earth: The History of Ideas on Volcanic Eruptions. Oxford: Oxford University Press, 1999.

——‘Mount Vesuvius before the disaster’,in The Natural History of Pompeii, ed. Jashemski, W. F. and F.G. Meyer. Cambridge: Cambridge University Press, 2002, 29–36.

——‘The environmental and geomorphological context of the volcano’,in The World of Pompeii, ed. Foss, P.W. and J.J. Dobbins. London: Routledge, 2007, 43–62.

Sigurdsson, H. and S.N. Carey, ‘The eruption of Vesuvius in AD 79’,in The Natural History of Pompeii, ed. Jashemski, W.F. and F.G. Meyer. Cambridge: Cambridge University Press, 2002, 37–64.

Sigurdsson, H., S.N. Carey, W. Cornell and T. Pescatore, ‘The Eruption of Vesuvius in AD 79’, National Geographic Research Vol. 1, No. 3, 1985: 332–87.

Sigurdsson, H., S. Cashdollar, and S.R.J. Sparks, ‘The eruption of Vesuvius in AD 79: Reconstruction from historical and volcanological evidence’, American Journal of Archaeology, Vol. 86, 1982: 39–51.

Sillen, A., J.C. Sealy, and N.J. van der Merwe, ‘Chemistry and paleodietary research: No more easy answers’, American Antiquity, Vol. 54, No. 3, 1989: 504–12.

Skrzat, J., D. Holiat, and J. Walocha, ‘The morphological appearance of the palatine torus in the Cracovian skulls (XV–XVIII century)’, Folia Morphol, Vol. 62, No. 3, 2003: 183–86.

Smith, G.E., The Royal Mummies: Catalogue Général des Antiquités Égyptiennes du Musée du Caire, Nos 61051–61100. 2000 edn. London: Duckworth, 1912.

Smith, G.E. and W.R. Dawson, Egyptian Mummies. London: George Allen & Unwin, 1924.

Sogliano, A., Guida di Pompei. 3rd edn. Milan: Antonio Vallardi, 1922.

Sperduti, A. and G. Manzi, ‘Hyperostosis frontalis interna in a cranial sample from the Roman population of Portus (Isola Sacra necropolis 1–111 Century AD)’, Rivista di Antropologia, Vol. 68 1990: 279–86.

Srb, A.M., R.D. Owen and R.S. Edgar, General Genetics. 2nd edn. San Francisco: Freeman, 1965.

St Hoyme, L.E. and M.Y. Iscan, ‘Determination of sex and race: Accuracy and assumptions’, in Reconstruction of Life from the Skeleton, ed. Iscan, M.Y. and K.A.R. Kennedy. New York: Alan R. Liss, 1989, 53–93.

Steele, D.G. and C.A. Bramblett, The Anatomy and Biology of the Human Skeleton. College Station: Texas A & M University Press, 1988.

Stefani, G., ‘La vera data dell’eruzione’, Archeo, Vol. 260, No. 10, 2006: 10–13.

Steinbock, R.T., Paleopathological Diagnosis and Interpretation: Bone Diseases in Ancient Human Populations. Springfield, Illinois: Charles C. Thomas, 1976.

Stevens, G., Statistics Course Notes. Sydney: Faculty of Architecture, University of Sydney, 1987.

Stewart, R.M., ‘Localised cranial hyperostosis in the insane’, The Journal of Neurology and Psychopathology, Vol. 8, 1928: 321–31.

Stewart, T.D., ‘Distortion of the pubic symphyseal surface in females and its effect on age determination’, American Journal of Physical Anthropology, Vol. 15, 1957: 9–18.

——‘The effects of pathology on skeletal populations’, American Journal Physical Anthropology, Vol. 30, 1969: 443–50.

Stone, A.C., G.R. Milner, S. Pääbo, and M. Stoneking, ‘Sex determination of ancient human skeletons using DNA’, American Journal of Physical Anthropology, Vol. 99, 1996: 231–38.

Stuart-Macadam, P., ‘Porotic hyperostosis: Representative of a childhood condition’, American Journal of Physical Anthropology, Vol. 66, 1985: 391–98.

——‘Porotic hyperostosis: Changing interpretations’,in Human Palaeopathology: Current Syntheses and Future Options, ed. Ortner, D.J. and A.C. Aufderheide. Washington: Smithsonian Institution Press, 1991, 36–39.

Suchey, J.M. ‘Problems in the aging of females using the os pubis’, American Journal of Physical Anthropology, Vol. 51, 1979: 467–70.

Suchey, J.M. and D. Katz, ‘Skeletal age standards derived from an extensive multiracial sample of modern Americans (unpublished paper)’,in The Fifty-Fifth Annual Meeting of the American Association of Physical Anthropologists. Albuquerque, New Mexico: 1986.

Suchey, J.M., S.T. Brooks and D. Katz, Instructions for the Use of the Suchey–Brooks System for Age Determination of the Female Os Pubis, instructional materials accompanying female pubic symphyseal models of the Suchey–Brooks System, 1988.

Suchey, J.M., D.V. Wiseley, R.F. Green and T.T. Noguchi, ‘Analysis of dorsal pitting in the os pubis in an extensive sample of modern American females’, American Journal of Physical Anthropology, Vol. 51, 1979: 517–39.

Suchey, J.M., D.V. Wiseley and D. Katz, ‘Evaluation of the Todd and McKern–Stewart methods for aging the male os pubis’,in Forensic Osteology: Advances in the Identification of Human Remains, ed. Reichs, K.J. Springfield, Illinois: Charles C. Thomas, 1986, 33–67.

Sunderland, E., ‘Biological components of the races of man’,in Racial Variation in Man: Proceedings of a Symposium held at the Royal Geographical Society, London 19–20 September, 1974, ed. Ebling, F.J. London: The Institute of Biology, 1975, 9–25.

Sutherland, F.L., ‘The volcanic fall of Pompeii’,in Pompeii Revisited: The Life and Death of a Roman Town, ed. Harrison, D. Sydney: Meditarch, 1994, 72–75.

Tague, R.G., ‘Bone resorption of the pubis and preauricular area in humans and nonhuman mammals’, American Journal of Physical Anthropology, Vol. 76, 1988: 251–67.

Talarico Jr, E.F., A.D. Prather and K.D. Hardt, ‘A case of extensive hyperostosis frontalis interna in an 87-year-old female human cadaver’, Clinical Anatomy, Vol. 21, No. 3, 2008: 259–68.

Tanguy, J.-C., C. Ribière, A. Scarth and W.S. Tjetjep, ‘Victims from volcanic eruptions: A revised database’, Bulletin of Volcanology, Vol. 60, No. 2, 1998: 137–44.

Taveras, J.M. and M.D. Wood, Diagnostic Neuroradiology. 2nd edn. Section 1, Golden’s Diagnostic Radiology. Baltimore: The Williams & Wilkins Company, 1976.

Taylor, K.T., Forensic Art and Illustration. Boca Raton, Florida: CRC Press, 2001.

Taylor, R.M.S., ‘Assault or accident’, British Dental Journal, Vol. 131, 1971: 419–20.

The British School at Rome, Herculaneum: The Herculaneum Conservation Project (2007), http:// www.bsr.ac.uk/BSR/sub_arch/BSR_Arch_03Herc.htm (accessed 2 October 2008).

Thomas, D.L., ‘Portraiture at Pompeii’,in Pompeii and the Vesuvian Landscape, ed. AIA Washington, DC: The Archaeological Institute of America & The Smithsonian, 1979.

Torino, M. and G. Fornaciari, ‘Gli Scheletri di Ercolani: Richerche paleopatologiche’,in Gli Antichi Ercolanesi: Antropologia, Società, Economia, ed. Pagano, M. Naples: Electa, 2000, 60–63.

——‘Paleopatologia degli individui nella Casa di Giulio Polibio’,in La Casa di Giulio Polibio: Studi Interdisciplinari, ed. Ciarallo, A. and E. De Carolis. Pompei: Centro Studi arti Figurative, Università di Tokio, 2001, 93–106.

Tran Tam Tinh, V., Essai sur le Culte d’Isis à Pompei. Paris: de Boccard, 1964.

Trevelyan, R., The Shadow of Vesuvius: Pompeii AD 79. London: Michael Joseph, 1976.

Trotter, M., ‘Estimation of stature from intact long bones’,in Personal Identification in Mass Disasters, ed. Stewart, T.D. Washington, DC: Smithsonian Institution Press, 1970, 71–83.

Trotter, M. and G.C. Gleser, ‘Estimation of stature from long bones of American Whites and Negroes’, American Journal of Physical Anthropology, Vol. 10, 1952: 463–514.

——‘A re-evaluation of estimation of stature based on measurements of stature taken during life and of long bones after death’, American Journal of Physical Anthropology, Vol. 16, 1958: 79–123.

——‘Corrigenda to “estimation of stature from long limb bones of American Whites and Negroes”, American Journal Physical Anthropology (1952)’, American Journal Physical Anthropology, Vol. 47, No. 2, 1977: 355–56.

Turner, C.G., II, C.R. Nichol and G.R. Scott, ‘Scoring procedures for key morphological traits of the permanent dentition: The Arizona State University Dental System’,in Advances in Dental Anthropology, ed. Kelley, M.A. and C.S. Larsen. New York: Wiley–Liss, 1991, 13–32.

Tutt, P. and D. Adler (eds), New Metric Handbook. London: Architectural Press, 1979. Twain, M., The Innocents Abroad. New York: Harper & Brothers, 1903.

Tyldesley, J. The Mummy: Unwrap the Ancient Secrets of the Mummies’ Tombs. London: Carlton, 1999.

Tyson, R.A. and E.S.D. Alcauskas (eds), Catalogue of the Hrdlicka Paleopathology Collection. San Diego, California: San Diego Museum of Man, 1980.

Ubelaker, D.H., Human Skeletal Remains: Excavation, Analysis, Interpretation. 2nd edn. Vol. 2, Manuals on Archaeology. Washington: Taraxacum, 1989.

Usher, B.M., ‘Reference samples: The first step in linking biology and age in the human skeleton’,in Paleodemography: Age Distributions from Skeletal Samples, ed. Hoppa, R.D. and J. W. Vaupel. Cambridge: Cambridge University Press, 2002, 29–47.

Vallois, H.V., ‘Vital statistics in prehistoric population as determined from archaeological data’,in The Application of Quantitative Methods in Archaeology, ed. Heizer, R.F. and S.F. Cook. Chicago: Quadrangle, 1960, 186–222.

——‘Race’,in Anthropology Today: Selections, ed. Tax, S. Chicago: University of Chicago Press, 1962, 46–64.

van Gerven, D.P., ‘The contribution of size and shape variation to patterns of sexual dimorphism of the human femur’, American Journal of Physical Anthropology, Vol. 37, 1972: 49–60.

van Gerven, D.P. and G.J. Armelagos, ‘“Farewell to paleodemography?” Rumours of its death have been greatly exaggerated’, Journal of Human Evolution, Vol. 12, 1983: 353–60.

Verdy, M., J. Guimond, P. Fauteux and M. Aube. ‘Prevalence of hyperostosis frontalis interna in relation to body weight’, American Journal of Clinical Nutrition, Vol. 31, No. 11, 1978: 2002–4.

Wakely, J. and C. Duhig, ‘A comparative microscopical study of three European trephined skulls’, International Journal of Osteoarchaeology, Vol. 2, 2005: 337–40.

Waldron, T., Counting the Dead: The Epidemiology of Skeletal Populations. Chichester: John Wiley & Sons, 1994.

Waldstein, C. and L. Shoobridge, Herculaneum: Past, Present and Future. London: Macmillan, 1908.

Wallace, B., Genetics, Evolution, Race, Radiation Biology. Vol. 2, Essays in Social Biology. New Jersey: Prentice–Hall, 1972.

Wallace-Hadrill, A., ‘Houses and households: Sampling Pompeii and Herculaneum’,in Marriage, Divorce and Children in Ancient Rome, ed. Rawson, B. Oxford: Oxford University Press, 1991, 191–227.

——Houses and Society in Pompeii and Herculaneum. Princeton, New Jersey: Princeton University Press, 1994.

Wapler, U., E. Crubézy, and M. Schultz, ‘Is cribra orbitalia synonymous with anemia? Analysis and interpretation of cranial pathology in Sudan’, American Journal of Physical Anthropology, Vol. 123, No. 4, 2004: 333–39.

Ward-Perkins, J.B. and A. Claridge. Pompeii AD 79: Treasures from the National Archaeological Museum, Naples and the Pompeii Antiquarium, Italy. 2nd edn. Sydney: Australian Gallery Directors’ Council, 1980.

Weinberger, B.W., An introduction to the history of dentistry, St Louis, Missouri: Mosby, 1948: 99–365.

Weinfeld, R.M., P.N. Olson, D.D. Mak, and H.J. Griffiths, ‘The prevalence of diffuse idiopathic skeletal hyperostosis (DISH) in two large American Midwest metropolitan hospital populations’, Skeletal Radiology, Vol. 26, No. 4, 1997: 222–25.

Weiss, K.M., ‘On the systematic bias in skeletal sexing’, American Journal of Physical Anthropology, Vol. 37, 1972: 239–49.

Wells, C.H., Bones, Bodies and Disease: Evidence of Disease and Abnormality in Early Man. London: Thames & Hudson, 1964.

Wells, L.H., ‘Stature in earlier races of mankind’,in Science in Archaeology: A Survey of Progress and Research, ed. Brothwell, D. and E. Higgs. London: Thames & Hudson, 1969, 453–67.

White, T.D., Human Osteology. 1st edn. San Diego, California: Academic Press, 1991.

——Human Osteology. 2nd edn. San Diego, California: Academic Press, 2000.

White, T.D. and P.A. Folkens, The Human Bone Manual. Boston: Academic Press, 2005.

Widemann, F., ‘Les effets économiques de l’éruption de 79: Nouvelles données et nouvelles approches’,in Tremblements de Terre, Éruptions Volcaniques et Vie des Hommes dans la Campanie Antique, ed. Albore Livadie, C. Naples: Publications du Centre Jean Berard, 1986, 107–12.

Wilkinson, P., Pompeii: The Last Day. London: BBC Books, 2003.

Williams, D.R. and C.M. Woodhead, ‘Attrition: A contemporary dental viewpoint’,in Teeth and Anthropology, ed. Cruwys, E. and R.A. Foley, 291. Oxford: British Anthropological Reports International, 1986, 109–21.

Witt, R.E., Isis in the Graeco-Roman World. London: Thames & Hudson, 1971.

Wittwer-Backofen, U. and H. Buba, ‘Age estimation by tooth cementum annulation: Perspectives of a new validation study’,in Paleodemography: Age Distributions from Skeletal Samples, ed. Hoppa, R.D. and J.W. Vaupel. Cambridge: Cambridge University Press, 2002, 107–28.

Woelfel, J.B., Dental Anatomy: Its Relevance to Dentistry. 4th edn. Philadelphia: Lea & Febiger, 1990.

Wood, J.W., D.J. Holman, K.A. O’Connor and R.J. Ferrell, ‘Mortality models for paleodemography’,in Paleodemography: Age Distributions from Skeletal Samples, ed. Hoppa, R.D. and J.W. Vaupel, Cambridge Studies in Biological and Evolutionary Anthropology. Cambridge: Cambridge University Press, 2002, 129–68.

Wood-Jones, F., ‘The non-metrical morphological characters of the skull as criteria for racial diagnosis’, Journal of Anatomy, Vol. 65, 1931: 179–95.

Wyke, M., Projecting the Past: Ancient Rome, Cinema, and History. London: Routledge, 1997.

Zihlman, A.L., The Human Evolution Colouring Book. New York: Barnes & Noble, 1982.